Congenital Systemic Fungus Infection in Twin Prematurity—A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Congenital candidemia sepsis is a serious condition especially for the prematurity. Early recognition is always not the scenario and this leads to high morbidity and mortality. Twin pregnancy complicates the problems further. This report presents a case of congenital candidiasis in a twin preterm and literatures review of five twin pairs with the same scenario. In conclusion, for twin prematurity, if one is suspected to have invasive candidiasis, both of them should receive a full course of antifungal therapy through the intravenous route.

Keywords

congenital candidemia - twin - prematurity - sepsis

• References

• 1 Nouri-Merchaoui S, Mahdhaoui N, Fekih M , et al. Systemic congenital candidiasis, a rare condition in neonates: case report in a premature infant [in French]. Arch Pediatr 2011; 18 (3) 303-307
• 2 Carmo KB, Evans N, Isaacs D. Congenital candidiasis presenting as septic shock without rash. Arch Dis Child 2007; 92 (7) 627-628
• 3 Arai H, Goto R, Matsuda T , et al. Case of congenital infection with Candida glabrata in one infant in a set of twins. Pediatr Int 2002; 44 (4) 449-450
• 4 Friebe-Hoffmann U, Bender DP, Sims CJ, Rauk PN. Candida albicans chorioamnionitis associated with preterm labor and sudden intrauterine demise of one twin. A case report. J Reprod Med 2000; 45 (4) 354-356
• 5 Krallis N, Tzioras S, Giapros V , et al. Congenital candidiasis caused by different Candida species in a dizygotic pregnancy. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2006; 25 (10) 958-959
• 6 Pineda C, Kaushik A, Kest H, Wickes B, Zauk A. Maternal sepsis, chorioamnionitis, and congenital Candida kefyr infection in premature twins. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2012; 31 (3) 320-322
• 7 Darmstadt GL, Dinulos JG, Miller Z. Congenital cutaneous candidiasis: clinical presentation, pathogenesis, and management guidelines. Pediatrics 2000; 105 (2) 438-444
• 8 Rowen JL, Atkins JT, Levy ML, Baer SC, Baker CJ. Invasive fungal dermatitis in the < or = 1000-gram neonate. Pediatrics 1995; 95 (5) 682-687
• 9 Aliaga S, Clark RH, Laughon M , et al. Changes in the incidence of candidiasis in neonatal intensive care units. Pediatrics 2014; 133 (2) 236-242
• 10 Wang SM, Hsu CH, Chang JH. Congenital candidiasis. Pediatr Neonatol 2008; 49 (3) 94-96
• 11 Diana A, Epiney M, Ecoffey M, Pfister RE. “White dots on the placenta and red dots on the baby”: congenital cutaneous candidiasis—a rare disease of the neonate. Acta Paediatr 2004; 93 (7) 996-999
• 12 Waguespack-LaBiche J, Chen SH, Yen A. Disseminated congenital candidiasis in a premature infant. Arch Dermatol 1999; 135 (5) 510-512
• 13 Aldana-Valenzuela C, Morales-Marquec M, Castellanos-Martínez J, Deanda-Gómez M. Congenital candidiasis: a rare and unpredictable disease. J Perinatol 2005; 25 (10) 680-682
• 14 André N, Millet V, Bartoli JM, Lacroze V, Unal D. Congenital candidiasis: early diagnosis and treatment with fluconazole [in French]. Arch Pediatr 1997; 4 (9) 903
• 15 Matsuzawa S, Ohyama M, Kawataki M , et al. Congenital Candida glabrata infection without specific nodules on the placenta and umbilical cord. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2005; 24 (8) 744-745
• 16 Roqué H, Abdelhak Y, Young BK. Intra amniotic candidiasis. Case report and meta-analysis of 54 cases. J Perinat Med 1999; 27 (4) 253-262
• 17 Horn LC, Nenoff P, Ziegert M, Höckel M. Missed abortion complicated by Candida infection in a woman with rested IUD. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2001; 264 (4) 215-217
• 18 Posteraro B, Sanguinetti M, Boccia S , et al. Early mannan detection in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid with preemptive treatment reduces the incidence of invasive Candida infections in preterm infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2010; 29 (9) 844-848
• 19 Vendettuoli V, Tana M, Tirone C , et al. The role of Candida surveillance cultures for identification of a preterm subpopulation at highest risk for invasive fungal infection. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2008; 27 (12) 1114-1116
• 20 Blyth CC, Hale K, Palasanthiran P, O'Brien T, Bennett MH. Antifungal therapy in infants and children with proven, probable or suspected invasive fungal infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010; (2) CD006343