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Horm Metab Res 2016; 48(02): 106-111
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1548871
Endocrine Care
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Effect of Fat Intake on the Inflammatory Process and Cardiometabolic Risk in Obesity After Interdisciplinary Therapy

G. Jamar
1   Post Graduate Program of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
2   Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
,
L. P. Pisani
1   Post Graduate Program of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
2   Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
3   Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP –Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
,
A. Medeiros
1   Post Graduate Program of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
3   Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP –Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
,
L. M. Oyama
4   Post Graduate Program of Nutrition, Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
,
D. C. L. Masquio
1   Post Graduate Program of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
2   Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
,
E. Colantonio
2   Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
3   Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP –Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
,
S. Garcia
1   Post Graduate Program of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
2   Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
,
R. B. Sanches
1   Post Graduate Program of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
2   Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
,
A. dos Santos Moraes
1   Post Graduate Program of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
2   Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
,
C. Belote
2   Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
,
D. A. Caranti
1   Post Graduate Program of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
2   Obesity Study Group (GEO), Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP – Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
3   Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo – UNIFESP –Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Publikationsverlauf

received 01. Januar 2015

accepted 11. März 2015

Publikationsdatum:
15. September 2015 (online)

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Abstract

Changes in diet and eating behavior along with excessive consumption of sugar or fat and a sedentary lifestyle are related to increased obesity and its associated comorbidities. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the type of macronutrients on specific health benefits associated with the weight loss in treating obesity. A total of 30 obese women (34.89±3.04 kg/m2 and 43.3±5.34 years) participated in an interdisciplinary therapy approach to lifestyle change, which consisted of nutritional counseling, exercise, and psychological therapy for over a period of 26 weeks. The profile was obtained by anthropometric measurements and body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Usual food intake was assessed with 3-day food record diaries and blood tests were used to determine metabolic and adipokines parameters. After therapy, there was significant reduction in all anthropometric and body composition variables. Food consumption also decreased while still providing adequate nutrient intake. There was significant improvement in LDL-cholesterol, PAI-1, leptin, CRP, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1. Lower dietary carbohydrate and fat intake led to weight loss. The effect of lower carbohydrate intake on weight loss is related to changes in body composition and leptin levels. Weight loss by reducing fat intake modified the inflammatory process and cardiovascular risk, indicating dietary fat as an independent predictor factor of cell adhesion molecules. Therefore, decreasing dietary fat consumption had greater impact on the inflammatory process on obese individuals. Our results show that the type of macronutrient influences the health benefits associated with weight loss.

Key words

macronutrient - inflammation - lifestyle - adipokines
 

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