Download PDF
Int J Sports Med 2015; 36(11): 906-914
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1548890
Training & Testing
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Effects of Combined Resistance Training and Plyometrics on Physical Performance in Young Soccer Players

F. Franco-Márquez
,
D. Rodríguez-Rosell
,
J. M. González-Suárez
,
F. Pareja-Blanco
,
R. Mora-Custodio
,
J. M. Yañez-García
,
J. J. González-Badillo
Further Information

Publication History



accepted after revision 06 March 2015

Publication Date:
16 July 2015 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effects of combined resistance training and plyometrics on physical performance in under-15 soccer players. One team (n=20) followed a 6-week resistance training program combined with plyometrics plus a soccer training program (STG), whereas another team (n=18) followed only the soccer training (CG). Strength training consisted of full squats with low load (45–60% 1RM) and low-volume (2–3 sets and 4–8 repetitions per set) combined with jumps and sprints twice a week. Sprint time in 10 and 20 m (T10, T20, T10–20), CMJ height, estimated one-repetition maximum (1RMest), average velocity attained against all loads common to pre- and post-tests (AV) and velocity developed against different absolute loads (MPV20, 30, 40 and 50) in full squat were selected as testing variables to evaluate the effects of the training program. STG experienced greater gains (P<0.05) in T20, CMJ, 1RMest, AV and MPV20, 30, 40 and 50 than CG. In addition, STG showed likely greater effects in T10 and T10–20 compared to CG. These results indicate that only 6 weeks of resistance training combined with plyometrics in addition to soccer training produce greater gains in physical performance than typical soccer training alone in young soccer players.

Key words

under-15 soccer players - full squat - sprint - strength - jump ability - velocity-based resistance training
 

  • References

  • 1 Apriantono T, Nunome H, Ikegami Y, Sano S. The effect of muscle fatigue on instep kicking kinetics and kinematics in association football. J Sports Sci 2006; 24: 951-960
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Behringer M, Vom Heede A, Matthews M, Mester J. Effects of strength training on motor performance skills in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2011; 23: 186-206
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Beunen G, Malina RM. Growth and physical performance relative to the timing of the adolescent spurt. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 1988; 16: 503-540
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Comfort P, Stewart A, Bloom L, Clarkson B. Relationships between strength, sprint, and jump performance in well-trained youth soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 2014; 28: 173-177
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Chelly MS, Fathloun M, Cherif N, Ben Amar M, Tabka Z, Van Praagh E. Effects of a back squat training program on leg power, jump, and sprint performances in junior soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 2009; 23: 2241-2249
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Christou M, Smilios I, Sotiropoulos K, Volaklis K, Pilianidis T, Tokmakidis SP. Effects of resistance training on the physical capacities of adolescent soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 2006; 20: 783-791
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Faude O, Koch T, Meyer T. Straight sprinting is the most frequent action in goal situations in professional football. J Sports Sci 2012; 30: 625-631
    Google Scholar
  • 8 Faude O, Roth R, Di Giovine D, Zahner L, Donath L. Combined strength and power training in high-level amateur football during the competitive season: a randomised-controlled trial. J Sports Sci 2013; 31: 1460-1467
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Forbes H, Bullers A, Lovell A, McNaughton LR, Polman RC, Siegler JC. Relative torque profiles of elite male youth footballers: effects of age and pubertal development. Int J Sports Med 2009; 30: 592-597
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Ford P, De Ste Croix M, Lloyd R, Meyers R, Moosavi M, Oliver J, Till K, Williams C. The long-term athlete development model: physiological evidence and application. J Sports Sci 2011; 29: 389-402
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Gonzalez-Badillo JJ, Pareja-Blanco F, Rodriguez-Rosell D, Abad-Herencia JL, Del Ojo-Lopez JJ, Sanchez-Medina L. Effects of velocity-based resistance training on young soccer players of different ages. J Strength Cond Res 2014;
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Gonzalez-Badillo JJ, Sanchez-Medina L. Movement velocity as a measure of loading intensity in resistance training. Int J Sports Med 2010; 31: 347-352
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Gorostiaga EM, Izquierdo M, Ruesta M, Iribarren J, Gonzalez-Badillo JJ, Ibanez J. Strength training effects on physical performance and serum hormones in young soccer players. Eur J Appl Physiol 2004; 91: 698-707
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Harries SK, Lubans DR, Callister R. Resistance training to improve power and sports performance in adolescent athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport 2012; 15: 532-540
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Harriss DJ, Atkinson G. Ethical standards in sport and exercise science research: 2014 update. Int J Sports Med 2013; 34: 1025-1028
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Hedges LV, Olkin IO. Statistical methods for meta-analysis. Orlando, FL: Academic Press; 1985
    Google Scholar
  • 17 Helgerud J, Rodas G, Kemi OJ, Hoff J. Strength and endurance in elite football players. Int J Sports Med 2011; 32: 677-682
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Hoff J, Helgerud J. Endurance and strength training for soccer players: physiological considerations. Sports Med 2004; 34: 165-180
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Hopkins WG, Marshall SW, Batterham AM, Hanin J. Progressive statistics for studies in sports medicine and exercise science. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009; 41: 3-13
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Izquierdo M, Ibanez J, Gonzalez-Badillo JJ, Hakkinen K, Ratamess NA, Kraemer WJ, French DN, Eslava J, Altadill A, Asiain X, Gorostiaga EM. Differential effects of strength training leading to failure versus not to failure on hormonal responses, strength, and muscle power gains. J Appl Physiol 2006; 100: 1647-1656
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Kotzamanidis C, Chatzopoulos D, Michailidis C, Papaiakovou G, Patikas D. The effect of a combined high-intensity strength and speed training program on the running and jumping ability of soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 2005; 19: 369-375
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Lander JE, Hundley JR, Simonton RL. The effectiveness of weight-belts during multiple repetitions of the squat exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1992; 24: 603-609
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Lopez-Segovia M, Palao Andres JM, Gonzalez-Badillo JJ. Effect of 4 months of training on aerobic power, strength, and acceleration in two under-19 soccer teams. J Strength Cond Res 2010; 24: 2705-2714
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Los Arcos A, Yanci J, Mendiguchia J, Salinero JJ, Brughelli M, Castagna C. Short-term training effects of vertically and horizontally oriented exercises on neuromuscular performance in professional soccer players. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2014; 9: 480-488
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Maio Alves JM, Rebelo AN, Abrantes C, Sampaio J. Short-term effects of complex and contrast training in soccer players’ vertical jump, sprint, and agility abilities. J Strength Cond Res 2010; 24: 936-941
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Meylan C, Malatesta D. Effects of in-season plyometric training within soccer practice on explosive actions of young players. J Strength Cond Res 2009; 23: 2605-2613
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Meylan CM, Cronin JB, Oliver JL, Hopkins WG, Contreras B. The effect of maturation on adaptations to strength training and detraining in 11-15-year-olds. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2014; 24: e156-e164
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Mohamad NI, Cronin JB, Nosaka KK. Difference in kinematics and kinetics between high- and low-velocity resistance loading equated by volume: implications for hypertrophy training. J Strength Cond Res 2012; 26: 269-275
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Moore EW, Hickey MS, Reiser RF. Comparison of two twelve week off-season combined training programs on entry level collegiate soccer players’ performance. J Strength Cond Res 2005; 19: 791-798
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Moore SA, McKay HA, Macdonald H, Nettlefold L, Baxter-Jones AD, Cameron N, Brasher PM. Enhancing a somatic maturity prediction model. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014;
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Pareja-Blanco F, Rodriguez-Rosell D, Sanchez-Medina L, Gorostiaga EM, Gonzalez-Badillo JJ. Effect of movement velocity during resistance training on neuromuscular performance. Int J Sports Med 2014; 35: 916-924
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Perez-Gomez J, Olmedillas H, Delgado-Guerra S, Ara I, Vicente-Rodriguez G, Ortiz RA, Chavarren J, Calbet JA. Effects of weight lifting training combined with plyometric exercises on physical fitness, body composition, and knee extension velocity during kicking in football. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2008; 33: 501-510
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Philippaerts RM, Vaeyens R, Janssens M, Van Renterghem B, Matthys D, Craen R, Bourgois J, Vrijens J, Beunen G, Malina RM. The relationship between peak height velocity and physical performance in youth soccer players. J Sports Sci 2006; 24: 221-230
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Ronnestad BR, Hansen EA, Raastad T. High volume of endurance training impairs adaptations to 12 weeks of strength training in well-trained endurance athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol 2012; 112: 1457-1466
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Ronnestad BR, Kvamme NH, Sunde A, Raastad T. Short-term effects of strength and plyometric training on sprint and jump performance in professional soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 2008; 22: 773-780
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Rumpf MC, Cronin JB, Pinder SD, Oliver J, Hughes M. Effect of different training methods on running sprint times in male youth. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2012; 24: 170-186
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Sánchez-Medina L, García -Pallarés J, Pérez CE, Fernandes J, Gonzalez Badillo JJ. Estimation of relative load from mean velocity in the full squat exercise. In: Cable NT, George K. ed. Book of Abstracts of the 16th Annual Congress of the European College of Sports Science. Liverpool, UK: Liverpool John Moores University; 2011: 669
    Google Scholar
  • 38 Sanchez-Medina L, Gonzalez-Badillo JJ. Velocity loss as an indicator of neuromuscular fatigue during resistance training. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011; 43: 1725-1734
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Sanchez-Medina L, Perez CE, Gonzalez-Badillo JJ. Importance of the propulsive phase in strength assessment. Int J Sports Med 2010; 31: 123-129
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Sherar LB, Mirwald RL, Baxter-Jones AD, Thomis M. Prediction of adult height using maturity-based cumulative height velocity curves. J Pediatr 2005; 147: 508-514
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Silva JR, Magalhaes J, Ascensao A, Seabra AF, Rebelo AN. Training status and match activity of professional soccer players throughout a season. J Strength Cond Res 2013; 27: 20-30
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 Stolen T, Chamari K, Castagna C, Wisloff U. Physiology of soccer: an update. Sports Med 2005; 35: 501-536
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 43 Wisloff U, Helgerud J, Hoff J. Strength and endurance of elite soccer players. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998; 30: 462-467
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar