Abstract
Bell palsy (BP) is the most common diagnosis in acute and chronic facial palsy. Although
most patients fully recover, more than one-quarter will have residual dysfunction.
Of these, nearly half will demonstrate severe limitations in facial expression. Though
significant attention has been paid to acute management and prognosis, a paucity of
literature exists addressing management of the long-term sequelae of BP. This article
describes contemporary use of physical therapy, injectables, and static and dynamic
surgical procedures in facial reanimation of acute and chronic BP.
Keywords
Bell palsy - facial reanimation - synkinesis - facial paralysis - facial palsy
