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Facial Plast Surg 2015; 31(02): 140-144
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1549292
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Management of the Eye in Facial Paralysis

Mahsa Sohrab
1   Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
,
Usiwoma Abugo
2   Department of Ophthalmology, Howard University Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia
,
Michael Grant
1   Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
,
Shannath Merbs
1   Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
08 May 2015 (online)

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Abstract

Facial nerve palsy, whether the cause is idiopathic, or following such insults as surgery, trauma, or malignancy, places the health of the ocular surface at risk. Reduced or absent orbicularis oculi function results in lagophthalmos and exposure of the cornea, which is exacerbated by eyelid malposition. Management of the exposure keratopathy is paramount to prevent corneal breakdown, scarring, and permanent vision loss. Significant exposure keratopathy can be complicated by loss of corneal sensation, leading to a neurotrophic corneal ulcer. Initial management consists of artificial tear drops and ointment for corneal lubrication and strategies to address the lagophthalmos. Once the condition of the ocular surface has been stabilized, a variety of surgical treatment options are available depending on the severity and persistence of eyelid and ocular findings. The most common surgical options include temporary or permanent tarsorrhaphy for lagophthalmos, upper eyelid weight placement for retraction, and lateral canthoplasty with or without a middle lamellar spacer for lower eyelid retraction. External eyelid loading is a good option in patients who are poor surgical candidates or who have a known temporary palsy of short duration. The goal of all such procedures must be protection of the ocular surface through optimization of eyelid position.

Keywords

facial paralysis - exposure keratopathy - lagophthalmos - eyelid retraction - paralytic ectropion
 

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