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DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1560030
Neurotoxoplasmose em paciente imunocompetente: relato de caso
Neurotoxoplasmosis in an Immunocompetent Patient: Case ReportPublication History
20 August 2014
12 June 2015
Publication Date:
10 August 2015 (online)
Resumo
A toxoplasmose é uma doença causada pelo protozoário Toxoplasma gondii e é a principal causa de lesão com efeito de massa no sistema nervoso central (SNC) em pacientes imunodeprimidos, causando sintomas neurológicos significativos. Em pacientes imunocompetentes, a evolução clínica da toxoplasmose é habitualmente benigna e a infecção é, na maioria das vezes, assintomática. O diagnóstico da neurotoxoplasmose é presuntivo, baseado nos achados de tomografia computadorizada (TC) ou de ressonância magnética (RM), e em casos inconclusivos, pode-se utilizar a biópsia cerebral estereotáxica. O paciente relatado apresentava lesões sugestivas de neurotoxoplasmose na RM de encéfalo, porém era imunocompetente, e a sorologia para neurotoxoplasmose era negativa para o IgM. Foi submetido então a biópsia estereotáxica como extensão de propedêutica. O presente trabalho visa, a partir do relato de um caso raro, discutir sobre as formas de diagnóstico e tratamento de uma infecção em paciente previamente sadio, cuja evolução foi benigna devido ao diagnóstico e tratamento precoces.
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma Gondii and is the leading cause of injury with mass effect on the central nervous system (CNS) in immunocompromised patients, that causes significant neurological symptoms. In immunocompetent patients, the clinical course of toxoplasmosis is usually benign and the infection is most often asymptomatic. The presumptive diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is based on findings of computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and inconclusive cases, can use stereotactic brain biopsy . The reported patient had lesions suggestive of cerebral toxoplasmosis in brain MRI, but was immunocompetent and toxoplasmosis serology was negative for IgM. The, he underwent a stereotactic biopsy as an extension of workup. The present work aims, from a rare case description, discuss ways of diagnosing and treating an infection in a previously healthy patient whose evolution was benign diagnosis because early treatment.
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