Neue pathogenetische Konzepte und pharmakologische Studien zur adjuvanten Therapie bei schwerer Pneumonie

Zusammenfassung

Das akute Lungenversagen bei schwerer Pneumonie ist Folge einer Aktivierung des angeborenen Immunsystems mit schädigender Hyperinflammation, Verlust der alveolokapillären Barrierefunktion sowie mikrozirkulatorischen Störungen. Bislang existiert neben der antimikrobiellen Therapie keine pharmakologische Strategie zur Prävention oder Behandlung des akuten Lungenversagens bei Pneumonie. In präklinischen Studien konnten vielversprechende Zielmoleküle identifiziert werden, und neuartige therapeutische Ansätze zeigten bei Pneumonie protektive Effekte hinsichtlich der Entwicklung eines akuten Lungenschadens. In diesem Übersichtsartikel werden einige adjuvante therapeutische Strategien bei Pneumonie vorgestellt und Zukunftsperspektiven diskutiert.

Abstract

Acute lung injury secondary to pneumonia results from inadequate activation of the innate immune system with hyperinflammation and alveolar-capillary barrier dysfunction. To date, effective strategies for prevention or treatment of acute lung injury in pneumonia besides antibiotics are lacking. In preclinical studies, promising therapeutic targets have been identified and novel strategies demonstrated to protect against lung failure in pneumonia. This review highlights some adjuvant therapeutic strategies for modulation of inflammation and stabilization of lung barrier function in pneumonia.

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