Abstract
Genitourinary structures are at risk of injury during colorectal surgery. The incidence
of injury is low; however, the risk is higher in cases involving severe inflammatory
or infectious processes, locally advanced or recurrent cancer, previous radiation,
and reoperation. Consideration of the anatomical relationship between the genitourinary
system, and the colon and rectum is crucial to avoid injuries. Intraoperative diagnostic
techniques such as intravenous pyelogram (IVP), fluoroscopic cystogram, or retrograde
urethrogram can aid in identifying suspected injuries. Early recognition and repair
of injuries decrease the morbidity of an injury. Repair of injuries depends on the
location and extent of the injury. Simple injuries may be repaired primarily, while
complex injuries may require more advanced repairs such as a flap reconstruction.
Keywords
complex colorectal surgery - genitourinary injury - ureter - bladder - urethra
