Abstract
Mechanochemistry by grinding or milling has grown from a laboratory curiosity to a versatile approach for the synthesis and discovery of molecules, materials and reactivity. Focusing on organic synthesis and the chemistry of organic solids in general, we now provide a snapshot of this exciting, rapidly developing area, with the intention to illustrate its potential in establishing a more efficient and environmentally friendly system of chemical and materials synthesis, based on solid-state transformations rather than conventional, solution-dependent chemistry.
1 What is Chemistry 2.0?
2 Introduction
2.1 Why Mechanochemistry Now?
2.2 What’s in a Mechanochemistry Laboratory?
3 Liquid-Assisted Grinding (LAG): Controlling Mechanochemistry
4 The Solvent-Free Research Laboratory
5 Medicinal Mechanochemistry
6 Exploring Molecular Recognition
7 Some Myths to Dispel
8 Catalytic Reactions by Mechanochemistry
8.1 Catalysis and Reactivity Involving Bulk Metals
8.2 Enzyme Catalysis in Mechanochemistry
8.3 Coupling of Mechanochemistry, Photochemistry and Supramolecular Catalysis
9 Organometallic Mechanochemistry
10 New Opportunities
10.1 Stoichiometric Control
10.2 ‘Impossible’ Molecules
10.3 Reaction Discovery by Mechanochemistry
11 Energetics of Mechanochemistry
12 Mechanistic Understanding
13 Real-Time Reaction Monitoring
14 Conclusions
Key words
mechanochemistry - solid-state reactions - solvent-free reactions - liquid-assisted grinding - X-ray diffraction - in situ monitoring - green chemistry - supramolecular chemistry
