Diagnostic Accuracy of Anthropometric Indicators in the Prediction of Urinary Incontinence in Physically Active Older Women

Abstract

Purpose To determine the diagnostic accuracy and the cutoff point of the variables conicity index, waist to height ratio and fat percentage to detect urinary incontinence in physically active older women.

Method A total of 152 women were analyzed. The instruments used were the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ [Area 4]) to check the level of physical activity, and the Diagnostic Form to obtain sociodemographic data and presence of urinary incontinence. To calculate the conicity index, waist to height ratio and fat percentage, body mass, height and waist circumference were measured. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Cutoff points, sensitivity (S) and specificity (SP) were determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. A 5% significance level was adopted.

Results The prevalence of urinary incontinence was of 32.2%. The cutoff point with better sensitivity and specificity for the conicity index was 1.23 (S = 87.8; SP = 35.9); for the waist to height ratio, it was 0.57 (S = 79.6; SP = 45.6); and for the fat percentage, it was 39.71 (S = 89.8; SP = 42.7). The area under the ROC curve was 0.666 for the conicity index, 0.653 for the waist to height ratio, and 0.660 for the fat percentage.

Conclusions The cutoff points for the anthropometric measurements conicity index, waist to height ratio and fat percentage indicate that these measures can be used to predict urinary incontinence in physically active older women. Furthermore, fat percentage seemed to be the best measure for this population.

Resumo

Objetivo Verificar a acurácia diagnóstica e o ponto de corte das variáveis índice de conicidade, razão cintura/estatura e percentual de gordura para detectar a incontinência urinária em idosas fisicamente ativas.

Métodos Foram avaliadas 152 idosas. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ [Domínio 4]), para verificar o nível de atividade física, e a Ficha Diagnóstica, para obter dados sociodemográficos e da presença de incontinência urinária. Para os cálculos de índice de conicidade, razão cintura/estatura e percentual de gordura, mensuraram-se a massa corporal, estatura e perímetro da cintura. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial. Os pontos de corte, sensibilidade (S) e especificidade (E) foram determinados por meio das curvas receiver operating characteristic (ROC). Adotou-se um nível de significância de 5%.

Resultados A prevalência de incontinência urinária foi de 32,2%. O ponto de corte com melhor sensibilidade e especificidade do índice de conicidade foi de 1,23 (S = 87,8; E = 35,9), da razão cintura/estatura, de 0,57 (S = 79,6; E = 45,6), e, para percentual de gordura, de 39,71 (S = 89,8; E = 42,7). A área sob a curva ROC foi de 0,666 para o índice de conicidade, 0,653 para a razão cintura/estatura, e 0,660 para o percentual de gordura.

Conclusões Os pontos de corte das medidas antropométricas índice de conicidade, razão cintura/estatura e percentual de gordura indicam que essas medidas podem ser utilizadas para predizer incontinência urinária em mulheres idosas fisicamente ativas. Além disso, o percentual de gordura demonstrou ser a melhor medida para esta população.

Keywords

anthropometry - ROC curve - urinary incontinence

Palavras-chave

antropometria - curva ROC - incontinência urinária

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