Radiation Exposure in Bone Densitometry

Abstract

This article provides an overview of the literature regarding the magnitude of radiation exposure associated with the current radiologic methods used in patients with suspected osteoporosis. The use of X-ray–based techniques for the detection and monitoring of osteoporosis has increased over the last few decades. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is the most common method, used worldwide for the assessment of osteoporosis, and it may be applied at several skeletal sites. Quantitative computed tomography comprises an alternative validated technique, increasingly used for skeleton assessment. Although radiation doses from methods applied for the management of osteoporosis are low, compared with other radiologic methods, special attention should be paid to justify and optimize each procedure, taking into consideration all radiation protection measures. Dose optimization, including dose reduction techniques and low-dose protocols, is of paramount importance, even for low-dose examinations, to achieve the minimum radiation burden to the exposed patients and personnel.

Keywords

dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry - quantitative computed tomography - high-resolution computed tomography imaging - radiation dose

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