Download PDF
J Pediatr Genet 2017; 06(02): 092-097
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598186
Original Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Anterior Abdominal Wall Defects, Diaphragmatic Hernia, and Other Major Congenital Malformations of the Musculoskeletal System in Barbados, 1993–2012

Keerti Singh
1   Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados
,
Alok Kumar
1   Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados
2   Department of Pediatrics, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Bridgetown, Barbados
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

10 October 2016

26 December 2016

Publication Date:
13 February 2017 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

This study describes the prevalence and patterns of major congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system and the resulting morbidity and mortality. It is a retrospective population-based study over the period 1993 to 2012. The overall prevalence of major congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system was 9.02/10,000 live births. The prevalences of omphalocele, gastroschisis, and diaphragmatic hernia were 2.53, 2.22, and 1.42 per 10,000 live births, respectively. The case fatality ratio for the omphalocele, gastroschisis, and diaphragmatic hernia was 12.5, 28.5, and 67%, respectively. In conclusion, the prevalence rate of the major congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system was higher than those reported in retrospective studies from other countries and remained static during the study period. These defects were associated with a high mortality rate and contributed significantly to the overall neonatal mortality in this country.

Keywords

Caribbean - congenital malformations - musculoskeletal - prevalence - mortality
 

  • References

  • 1 Tomatir AG, Demirhan H, Sorkun HC, Köksal A, Özerdem F, Çilengir N. Major congenital anomalies: a five-year retrospective regional study in Turkey. Genet Mol Res 2009; 8 (1) 19-27
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Ekanem TB, Okon DE, Akpantah AO, Mesembe OE, Eluwa MA, Ekong MB. Prevalence of congenital malformations in Cross River and Akwa Ibom states of Nigeria from 1980-2003. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2008; 48 (4) 167-170
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Fida NM, Al-Aama J, Nichols W, Nichols W, Alqahtani M. A prospective study of congenital malformations among live born neonates at a University Hospital in Western Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 2007; 28 (9) 1367-1373
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Singh K, Krishnamurthy K, Greaves C, Kandamaran L, Nielsen AL, Kumar A. Major congenital malformations in Barbados: the prevalence, the pattern, and the resulting morbidity and mortality. ISRN Obstet Gynecol 2014; 2014: 651783 DOI: 10.1155/2014/651783.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Mashuda F, Zuechner A, Chalya PL, Kidenya BR, Manyama M. Pattern and factors associated with congenital anomalies among young infants admitted at Bugando medical centre, Mwanza, Tanzania. BMC Res Notes 2014; 7: 195 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-195.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Orioli IM, Castilla EE, Barbosa-Neto JG. The birth prevalence rates for the skeletal dysplasias. J Med Genet 1986; 23 (4) 328-332
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Lee S-H, Cho JY, Song MJ , et al. Fetal musculoskeletal malformations with a poor outcome: ultrasonographic, pathologic, and radiographic findings. Korean J Radiol 2002; 3 (2) 113-124
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Stoll C, Alembik Y, Dott B, Roth MP. Risk factors in congenital abdominal wall defects (omphalocele and gastroschisi): a study in a series of 265,858 consecutive births. Ann Genet 2001; 44 (4) 201-208
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Tan KB, Tan KH, Chew SK, Yeo GS. Gastroschisis and omphalocele in Singapore: a ten-year series from 1993 to 2002. Singapore Med J 2008; 49 (1) 31-36
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Calzolari E, Bianchi F, Dolk H, Milan M ; EUROCAT Working Group. Omphalocele and gastroschisis in Europe: a survey of 3 million births 1980-1990. Am J Med Genet 1995; 58 (2) 187-194
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Salihu HM, Pierre-Louis BJ, Druschel CM, Kirby RS. Omphalocele and gastroschisis in the State of New York, 1992-1999. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 2003; 67 (9) 630-636
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Rankin J, Dillon E, Wright C. Congenital anterior abdominal wall defects in the north of England, 1986-1996: occurrence and outcome. Prenat Diagn 1999; 19 (7) 662-668
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 McDonnell R, Delany V, Dack P, Johnson H. Changing trend in congenital abdominal wall defects in eastern region of Ireland. Ir Med J 2002; 95 (8) 236-238 , 238
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Suita S, Okamatsu T, Yamamoto T , et al. Changing profile of abdominal wall defects in Japan: results of a national survey. J Pediatr Surg 2000; 35 (1) 66-71 , discussion 72
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Hwang PJ, Kousseff BG. Omphalocele and gastroschisis: an 18-year review study. Genet Med 2004; 6 (4) 232-236
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Weir E. Congenital abdominal wall defects. CMAJ 2003; 169 (8) 809-810
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Stevenson RE, Hall JG, Goodman RM. Omphalocele and gastroschisis. In: Stevenson RE, Hall JG, Goodman RM, , eds. Human Malformations and Related Anomalies. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1993: 870-882
    Google Scholar
  • 18 Wright JC, Budd JL, Field DJ, Draper ES. Epidemiology and outcome of congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a 9-year experience. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2011; 25 (2) 144-149
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Torfs CP, Curry CJ, Bateson TF, Honoré LH. A population-based study of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Teratology 1992; 46 (6) 555-565
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Khawahur H, Kattan A, Al-Alaiyan S, Saidy K. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a local experience. Ann Saudi Med 1999; 19 (6) 501-504
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 World Health Organization. Country – Barbados, Statistics. 2012 . Available at http://www.who.int/countries/brb/en/ . Accessed June 15, 2014
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Index mundi. Barbados infant mortality rate. Fact book 2014 http://www.indexmundi.com/barbados/infant_mortality_rate.html . Accessed 15 January 2015
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Kumar A, St White H, Carter AO. Trends in the uptake of antenatal voluntary counselling and testing for HIV and HIV prevalence among childbearing women in Barbados, 1993-2004: evidence to gauge the effectiveness of HIV prevention measures. West Indian Med J 2007; 56 (1) 60-65
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Langham Jr MR, Kays DW, Ledbetter DJ, Frentzen B, Sanford LL, Richards DS. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Epidemiology and outcome. Clin Perinatol 1996; 23 (4) 671-688
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Ledbetter DJ. Gastroschisis and omphalocele. Surg Clin North Am 2006; 86 (2) 249-260 , vii
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Golombek SG. The history of congenital diaphragmatic hernia from 1850s to the present. J Perinatol 2002; 22 (3) 242-246
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Tan KH, Kilby MD, Whittle MJ, Beattie BR, Booth IW, Botting BJ. Congenital anterior abdominal wall defects in England and Wales 1987-93: retrospective analysis of OPCS data. BMJ 1996; 313 (7062): 903-906
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Abdi-Rad I, Khoshkalam M, Farrokh-Islamlou HR. The prevalence at birth of overt congenital anomalies in Urmia, Northwestern Iran. Arch Iran Med 2008; 11 (2) 148-151
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Chen BY, Hwang BF, Guo YL. Epidemiology of congenital anomalies in a population-based birth registry in Taiwan, 2002. J Formos Med Assoc 2009; 108 (6) 460-468
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Delport SD, Christianson AL, van den Berg HJS, Wolmarans L, Gericke GS. Congenital anomalies in black South African liveborn neonates at an urban academic hospital. S Afr Med J 1995; 85 (1) 11-15
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 EUROCAT. Report 8: Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies in Europe 1980–1999. EUROCAT Central Registry, University of Ulster, Northern Ireland, 2002
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Moore TC, Nur K. An international survey of gastroschisis and omphalocele (490 cases). 1. Nature and distribution of additional malformations. Pediatr Surg Int 1986; 1: 46-50
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Kumar A, Cherian J. Trends in hospitalization and mortality pattern among children in Barbados, 1987–98. West Indian Med J 2000; 49 (Suppl. 02) 59-59
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Abdullah F, Arnold MA, Nabaweesi R , et al. Gastroschisis in the United States 1988-2003: analysis and risk categorization of 4344 patients. J Perinatol 2007; 27 (1) 50-55
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Grover TR, Murthy K, Brozanski B , et al; Children's Hospitals Neonatal Consortium. Short-term outcomes and medical and surgical interventions in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Am J Perinatol 2015; 32 (11) 1038-1044
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Balayla J, Abenhaim HA. Incidence, predictors and outcomes of congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a population-based study of 32 million births in the United States. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2014; 27 (14) 1438-1444
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Levison J, Halliday R, Holland AJ , et al; Neonatal Intensive Care Units Study of the NSW Pregnancy and Newborn Services Network. A population-based study of congenital diaphragmatic hernia outcome in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, Australia, 1992-2001. J Pediatr Surg 2006; 41 (6) 1049-1053
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Colvin J, Bower C, Dickinson JE, Sokol J. Outcomes of congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a population-based study in Western Australia. Pediatrics 2005; 116 (3) e356-e363
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar