Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Revista Chilena de Ortopedia y Traumatología 2017; 58(02): 041-047
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1606126
Review Article | Artículo de Revisión
Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Principios Biomecánicos en Inestabilidad Crónica Posterolateral de Rodilla

Biomechanical Principles of Chronic Posterolateral Knee Instability
Pedro Alejandro Díaz Allende
1   Traumatólogo, Servicio Ortopedia y Traumatología Hospital Ricardo Valenzuela Sáez, Rengo, Chile
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

11 January 2017

18 July 2017

Publication Date:
23 August 2017 (online)

Also available at
   Permissions and Reprints

Resumen

La inestabilidad crónica posterolateral de rodilla continúa siendo un tema desafiante desde la evaluación clínica hasta la resolución definitiva. La comprensión de la anatomía, biomecánica articular y las adaptaciones evolutivas de la rodilla para su complejo funcionamiento, son esenciales para el razonamiento diagnóstico y terapéutico de esas lesiones.

Abstract

Chronic posterolateral knee instability continues to be a challenging issue from clinical evaluation to final resolution. The understanding of anatomy, joint biomechanics and evolutionary adaptations of the knee for its complex functioning are essential for the diagnostic and therapeutic reasoning of these injuries.

Palabras Clave

anatomía - biomecánica - esquina posterolateral - evaluación clínica - inestabilidad crónica - rodilla

Keywords

anatomy - biomechanics - chronic instability - clinical evaluation - knee - posterolateral corner

Declaración y Verificación de la Presentación

Este trabajo no ha sido previamente publicado ni presentado simultáneamente en otra revista y tiene la autorización del autor y su establecimiento asistencial.


 

  • Bibliografía

  • 1 Fanelli GC, Edson CJ. Posterior cruciate ligament injuries in trauma patients: Part II. Arthroscopy 1995; 11 (05) 526-529
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 2 James EW, LaPrade CM, LaPrade RF. Anatomy and biomechanics of the lateral side of the knee and surgical implications. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 2015; 23 (01) 2-9
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 3 Gollehon DL, Torzilli PA, Warren RF. The role of the posterolateral and cruciate ligaments in the stability of the human knee. A biomechanical study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1987; 69 (02) 233-242
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 4 LaPrade RF, Ly TV, Wentorf FA, Engebretsen L. The posterolateral attachments of the knee: a qualitative and quantitative morphologic analysis of the fibular collateral ligament, popliteus tendon, popliteofibular ligament, and lateral gastrocnemius tendon. Am J Sports Med 2003; 31 (06) 854-860
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 5 Moulton SG, Fontboté C, Cram T, LaPrade RF. Posterolateral reconstruction of the knee: Surgical technique with 2 grafts. Oper Tech Sports Med 2015; 23: 331-337
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 6 LaPrade RF, Bollom TS, Wentorf FA, Wills NJ, Meister K. Mechanical properties of the posterolateral structures of the knee. Am J Sports Med 2005; 33 (09) 1386-1391
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 7 LaPrade RF, Tso A, Wentorf FA. Force measurements on the fibular collateral ligament, popliteofibular ligament, and popliteus tendon to applied loads. Am J Sports Med 2004; 32 (07) 1695-1701
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 8 McCarthy M, Camarda L, Wijdicks CA, Johansen S, Engebretsen L, Laprade RF. Anatomic posterolateral knee reconstructions require a popliteofibular ligament reconstruction through a tibial tunnel. Am J Sports Med 2010; 38 (08) 1674-1681
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 9 LaPrade RF, Morgan PM, Wentorf FA, Johansen S, Engebretsen L. The anatomy of the posterior aspect of the knee. An anatomic study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2007; 89 (04) 758-764
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 10 Morgan PM, LaPrade RF, Wentorf FA, Cook JW, Bianco A. The role of the oblique popliteal ligament and other structures in preventing knee hyperextension. Am J Sports Med 2010; 38 (03) 550-557
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 11 LaPrade RF, Terry GC. Injuries to the posterolateral aspect of the knee. Association of anatomic injury patterns with clinical instability. Am J Sports Med 1997; 25 (04) 433-438
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 12 LaPrade CM, Civitarese DM, Rasmussen MT, LaPrade RF. Emerging Updates on the Posterior Cruciate Ligament: A Review of the Current Literature. Am J Sports Med 2015; 43 (12) 3077-3092
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 13 Harner CD, Janaushek MA, Kanamori A, Yagi M, Vogrin TM, Woo SL. Biomechanical analysis of a double-bundle posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Am J Sports Med 2000; 28 (02) 144-151
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 14 Kennedy NI, Wijdicks CA, Goldsmith MT. , et al. Kinematic analysis of the posterior cruciate ligament, part 1: the individual and collective function of the anterolateral and posteromedial bundles. Am J Sports Med 2013; 41 (12) 2828-2838
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 15 Amis AA. Biomechanics of high tibial osteotomy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2013; 21 (01) 197-205
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 16 Shelburne KB, Torry MR, Pandy MG. Muscle, ligament, and joint-contact forces at the knee during walking. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2005; 37 (11) 1948-1956
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 17 Foroughi N, Smith R, Vanwanseele B. The association of external knee adduction moment with biomechanical variables in osteoarthritis: a systematic review. Knee 2009; 16 (05) 303-309
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 18 Teichtahl AJ, Davies-Tuck ML, Wluka AE, Jones G, Cicuttini FM. Change in knee angle influences the rate of medial tibial cartilage volume loss in knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2009; 17 (01) 8-11
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 19 Bellemans J, Colyn W, Vandenneucker H, Victor J. The Chitranjan Ranawat award: is neutral mechanical alignment normal for all patients? The concept of constitutional varus. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2012; 470 (01) 45-53
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 20 Vandekerckhove PT, Matlovich N, Teeter MG, MacDonald SJ, Howard JL, Lanting BA. The relationship between constitutional alignment and varus osteoarthritis of the knee. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2016
    PubMed
  • 21 Miller MD, Cooper DE, Fanelli GC, Harner CD, LaPrade RF. Posterior cruciate ligament: current concepts. Instr Course Lect 2002; 51: 347-351
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 22 Ramaniraka NA, Terrier A, Theumann N, Siegrist O. Effects of the posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on the biomechanics of the knee joint: a finite element analysis. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2005; 20 (04) 434-442
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 23 Geissler WB, Whipple TL. Intraarticular abnormalities in association with posterior cruciate ligament injuries. Am J Sports Med 1993; 21 (06) 846-849
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 24 Ochi M, Murao T, Sumen Y, Kobayashi K, Adachi N. Isolated posterior cruciate ligament insufficiency induces morphological changes of anterior cruciate ligament collagen fibrils. Arthroscopy 1999; 15 (03) 292-296
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 25 Petrigliano FA, Suero EM, Voos JE, Pearle AD, Allen AA. The effect of proximal tibial slope on dynamic stability testing of the posterior cruciate ligament- and posterolateral corner-deficient knee. Am J Sports Med 2012; 40 (06) 1322-1328
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 26 Badhe NP, Forster IW. High tibial osteotomy in knee instability: the rationale of treatment and early results. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2002; 10 (01) 38-43
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 27 Arthur A, LaPrade RF, Agel J. Proximal tibial opening wedge osteotomy as the initial treatment for chronic posterolateral corner deficiency in the varus knee: a prospective clinical study. Am J Sports Med 2007; 35 (11) 1844-1850
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 28 Noyes FR, Barber-Westin SD, Hewett TE. High tibial osteotomy and ligament reconstruction for varus angulated anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knees. Am J Sports Med 2000; 28 (03) 282-296
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 29 Cooper JM, McAndrews PT, LaPrade RF. Posterolateral corner injuries of the knee: anatomy, diagnosis, and treatment. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 2006; 14 (04) 213-220
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 30 Kopkow C, Freiberg A, Kirschner S, Seidler A, Schmitt J. Physical examination tests for the diagnosis of posterior cruciate ligament rupture: a systematic review. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2013; 43 (11) 804-813
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 31 LaPrade RF, Heikes C, Bakker AJ, Jakobsen RB. The reproducibility and repeatability of varus stress radiographs in the assessment of isolated fibular collateral ligament and grade-III posterolateral knee injuries. An in vitro biomechanical study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008; 90 (10) 2069-2076
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 32 Chahla J, Moatshe G, Dean CS, LaPrade RF. Posterolateral Corner of the Knee: Current Concepts. Arch Bone Jt Surg 2016; 4 (02) 97-103
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 33 Cooper DE. Tests for posterolateral instability of the knee in normal subjects. Results of examination under anesthesia. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1991; 73 (01) 30-36
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 34 Geeslin AG, LaPrade RF. Location of bone bruises and other osseous injuries associated with acute grade III isolated and combined posterolateral knee injuries. Am J Sports Med 2010; 38 (12) 2502-2508
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 35 Chang A, Hayes K, Dunlop D. , et al. Thrust during ambulation and the progression of knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2004; 50 (12) 3897-3903
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar