Digestive Disease Interventions 2017; 01(03): 163-170
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1606827
Review Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Surgical Management of Liver Metastases from Colorectal Carcinoma

Lou-Anne Acevedo-Moreno
1   Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
,
Federico Aucejo
1   Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

20 June 2017

11 August 2017

Publication Date:
17 October 2017 (online)

Abstract

Colorectal carcinoma continues to be a leading cause in cancer-related mortality with more than 130,000 new cases diagnosed annually in the United States. About 50% of patients will develop colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM). Liver resection continues to be the mainstay therapy in the management of CRLM and is associated with 25 to 60% 5-year survival. Alternative nonsurgical therapies offer modest survival when CRLM is unresectable. Herein, we provide an overview of key aspects of surgical approaches to the treatment of CRLM.

 
  • References

  • 1 Abelson JS, Michelassi F, Sun T. , et al. Simultaneous resection for synchronous colorectal liver metastasis: the new standard of care?. J Gastrointest Surg 2017; 21 (06) 975-982
  • 2 Dhir M, Sasson AR. Surgical management of liver metastases from colorectal cancer. J Oncol Pract 2016; 12 (01) 33-39
  • 3 Lalmahomed ZS, Ayez N, van der Pool AE, Verheij J, IJzermans JN, Verhoef C. Anatomical versus nonanatomical resection of colorectal liver metastases: is there a difference in surgical and oncological outcome?. World J Surg 2011; 35 (03) 656-661
  • 4 de Ridder JA, van der Stok EP, Mekenkamp LJ. , et al. Management of liver metastases in colorectal cancer patients: a retrospective case-control study of systemic therapy versus liver resection. Eur J Cancer 2016; 59: 13-21
  • 5 Treska V. Methods to increase future liver remnant volume in patients with primarily unresectable colorectal liver metastases: current state and future perspectives. Anticancer Res 2016; 36 (05) 2065-2071
  • 6 Hashimoto M, Kobayashi T, Ishiyama K. , et al. Efficacy of repeat hepatectomy for recurrence following curative hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases: a retrospective cohort study of 128 patients. Int J Surg 2016; 36 (Pt A): 96-103
  • 7 Dooley J. Sherlock's Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System. 12th ed. London, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011: 681-703
  • 8 Smith JJ, D'Angelica MI. Surgical management of hepatic metastases of colorectal cancer. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2015; 29 (01) 61-84
  • 9 Maroulis I, Karavias DD, Karavias D. General principles of hepatectomy in colorectal liver metastases. Tech Coloproctol 2011; 15 (01) (Suppl. 01) S13-S16
  • 10 Torres OJ, Moraes-Junior JM, Lima e Lima NC, Moraes AM. Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS): a new approach in liver resections. Arq Bras Cir Dig 2012; 25 (04) 290-292
  • 11 McNally SJ, Parks RW. Surgery for colorectal liver metastases. Dig Surg 2013; 30 (4-6): 337-347
  • 12 Schadde E, Schnitzbauer AA, Tschuor C, Raptis DA, Bechstein WO, Clavien PA. Systematic review and meta-analysis of feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a novel procedure: associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy. Ann Surg Oncol 2015; 22 (09) 3109-3120
  • 13 Bhutiani N, Philips P, Martin II RC, Scoggins CR. Impact of surgical margin clearance for resection of secondary hepatic malignancies. J Surg Oncol 2016; 113 (03) 289-295
  • 14 Hamed OH, Bhayani NH, Ortenzi G. , et al. Simultaneous colorectal and hepatic procedures for colorectal cancer result in increased morbidity but equivalent mortality compared with colorectal or hepatic procedures alone: outcomes from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. HPB 2013; 15 (09) 695-702
  • 15 Adam R, de Gramont A, Figueras J. , et al; of the EGOSLIM (Expert Group on OncoSurgery management of LIver Metastases) group. Managing synchronous liver metastases from colorectal cancer: a multidisciplinary international consensus. Cancer Treat Rev 2015; 41 (09) 729-741
  • 16 Reddy SK, Pawlik TM, Zorzi D. , et al. Simultaneous resections of colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases: a multi-institutional analysis. Ann Surg Oncol 2007; 14 (12) 3481-3491
  • 17 Collins D, Chua H. Contemporary surgical management of synchronous colorectal liver metastases. F1000 Res 2017; 6: 598
  • 18 Ihnát P, Vávra P, Zonča P. Treatment strategies for colorectal carcinoma with synchronous liver metastases: which way to go?. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21 (22) 7014-7021
  • 19 De Rosa A, Gomez D, Brooks A, Cameron IC. “Liver-first” approach for synchronous colorectal liver metastases: is this a justifiable approach?. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2013; 20 (03) 263-270
  • 20 Giuliante F, Ardito F, Vellone M. , et al. Role of the surgeon as a variable in long-term survival after liver resection for colorectal metastases. J Surg Oncol 2009; 100 (07) 538-545
  • 21 Lykoudis PM, O'Reilly D, Nastos K, Fusai G. Systematic review of surgical management of synchronous colorectal liver metastases. Br J Surg 2014; 101 (06) 605-612
  • 22 Kassahun WT. Unresolved issues and controversies surrounding the management of colorectal cancer liver metastasis. World J Surg Oncol 2015; 13: 61
  • 23 Passot G, Odisio BC, Zorzi D. , et al. Eradication of missing liver metastases after fiducial placement. J Gastrointest Surg 2016; 20 (06) 1173-1178
  • 24 Sadot et al. Resection margin and survival in 2368 patients undergoing hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer: surgical technique or biologic surrogate? Ann Surg 2015; 262 (03) 476-485
  • 25 Andres A, Majno P, Terraz S. , et al. Management of patients with colorectal liver metastasis in eleven questions and answers. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2016; 16 (12) 1277-1290
  • 26 Groot Koerkamp B, Sadot E, Kemeny NE. , et al. Perioperative hepatic arterial infusion pump chemotherapy is associated with longer survival after resection of colorectal liver metastases: a propensity score analysis. J Clin Oncol 2017; 35 (17) 1938-1944
  • 27 Alberts SR, Roh MS, Mahoney MR. , et al. Alternating systemic and hepatic artery infusion therapy for resected liver metastases from colorectal cancer: a North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG)/ National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) phase II intergroup trial, N9945/CI-66. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28 (05) 853-858
  • 28 Zampino MG, Magni E, Ravenda PS. , et al. Treatments for colorectal liver metastases: a new focus on a familiar concept. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 108: 154-163
  • 29 Ammori JB, Kemeny NE, Fong Y. , et al. Conversion to complete resection and/or ablation using hepatic artery infusional chemotherapy in patients with unresectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer: a decade of experience at a single institution. Ann Surg Oncol 2013; 20 (09) 2901-2907
  • 30 House MG, Kemeny NE, Gönen M. , et al. Comparison of adjuvant systemic chemotherapy with or without hepatic arterial infusional chemotherapy after hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer. Ann Surg 2011; 254 (06) 851-856
  • 31 Quan D, Gallinger S, Nhan C. , et al; Surgical Oncology Program at Cancer Care Ontario. The role of liver resection for colorectal cancer metastases in an era of multimodality treatment: a systematic review. Surgery 2012; 151 (06) 860-870
  • 32 Elias D, Liberale G, Vernerey D. , et al. Hepatic and extrahepatic colorectal metastases: when resectable, their localization does not matter, but their total number has a prognostic effect. Ann Surg Oncol 2005; 12 (11) 900-909
  • 33 Pulitanò C, Bodingbauer M, Aldrighetti L. , et al. Liver resection for colorectal metastases in presence of extrahepatic disease: results from an international multi-institutional analysis. Ann Surg Oncol 2011; 18 (05) 1380-1388
  • 34 Elias D, Viganò L, Orsi F. , et al. New perspectives in the treatment of colorectal metastases. Liver Cancer 2016; 6 (01) 90-98
  • 35 Ravaioli M, Ercolani G, Neri F. , et al. Liver transplantation for hepatic tumors: a systematic review. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20 (18) 5345-5352
  • 36 Ducreux M, Ychou M, Laplanche A. , et al; Gastrointestinal Group of the Federation Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer. Hepatic arterial oxaliplatin infusion plus intravenous chemotherapy in colorectal cancer with inoperable hepatic metastases: a trial of the gastrointestinal group of the Federation Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23 (22) 4881-4887
  • 37 Kemeny MM, Adak S, Gray B. , et al. Combined-modality treatment for resectable metastatic colorectal carcinoma to the liver: surgical resection of hepatic metastases in combination with continuous infusion of chemotherapy--an intergroup study. J Clin Oncol 2002; 20 (06) 1499-1505