‡ These authors contributed equally to this work.
Abstract
Visible-light photoredox catalysis enables easy access to acyl radicals under mild reaction conditions. Reactive acyl radicals, generated from various acyl precursors such as aldehydes, α-keto acids, carboxylic acids, anhydrides, acyl thioesters, acyl chlorides, or acyl silanes, can undergo a diverse range of synthetically useful transformations, which were previously difficult or inaccessible. This review summarizes the recent progress on visible-light-driven acyl radical generation using transition-metal photoredox catalysts, metallaphotocatalysts, hypervalent iodine catalysts or organic photocatalysts.
1 Introduction
2 The Scope of This Review
3 Aldehydes as a Source of Acyl Radicals
4 α-Keto Acids as a Source of Acyl Radicals
5 Carboxylic Acids as a Source of Acyl Radicals
6 Anhydrides as a Source of Acyl Radicals
7 Acyl Thioesters as a Source of Acyl Radicals
8 Acyl Chlorides as a Source of Acyl Radicals
9 Acyl Silanes as a Source of Acyl Radicals
10 Conclusions and Future Outlook
Key words
acylation - photoredox catalysis - acyl radicals - visible light - single-electron transfer - oxidation - reduction - cross-coupling