Inherited Thrombophilia and First Venous Thromboembolism during Pregnancy and Puerperium

Ida Martinelli; Valerio De Stefano; Emanuela Taioli; Katia Paciaroni; Elena Rossi; Mannucci Mannuccio Pier

doi:10.1055/s-0037-1613085

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Thromb Haemost 2002; 87(05): 791-795
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1613085

Review Article

Schattauer GmbH

Inherited Thrombophilia and First Venous Thromboembolism during Pregnancy and Puerperium

Autor*innen

Ida Martinelli

¹Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, University of Milan, Italy
Valerio De Stefano

²Department of Hematology, Catholic University of Rome, Italy
Emanuela Taioli

³Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Maggiore Hospital, University of Milan, Italy
Katia Paciaroni

²Department of Hematology, Catholic University of Rome, Italy
Elena Rossi

²Department of Hematology, Catholic University of Rome, Italy
Mannucci Mannuccio Pier

¹Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, University of Milan, Italy

Abstract

Summary

Venous thromboembolism is a rare but threatening complication of pregnancy. Little conclusive information is available on the actual risk of venous thromboembolism during pregnancy or puerperium in women with inherited thrombophilia, particularly in carriers of factor V Leiden and of the G20210A prothrombin gene mutation. To determine the pregnancy-related and puerperium-related risk of venous thromboembolism in women with inherited thrombophilia, we performed a case-control study on 119 women who had a first episode of deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism during pregnancy or puerperium and 232 healthy women who had at least one pregnancy without thrombosis. Inherited thrombophilia was diagnosed in 47 patients (39.5%) and 15 controls (6.5%). The relative risk of venous thromboembolism was 10.6 (95% CI, 5.6-20.4) for heterozygous carriers of factor V Leiden, 2.9 (95% CI, 1.0-8.6) for heterozygous carriers of the prothrombin mutation and 13.1 (95% CI, 5.0-34.2) for those with antithrombin, protein C or protein S deficiency taken together. Sixty-eight of the 119 women (57%) had thrombosis after delivery, confirming the puerperium as a particularly high-risk period. When women were divided into two groups of those with antenatal or postnatal thrombosis, the relative risks associated with each type of inherited thrombophilia were of similar magnitude. In conclusion, women with inherited thrombophilia have an increased risk of venous thromboembolism during pregnancy. Among thrombophilic abnormalities, the prothrombin mutation was the weakest risk factor. Thrombosis occurred more frequently in puerperium than in pregnancy, whether or not thrombophilia was diagnosed.

Keywords

Blood coagulation - factor V Leiden - prothrombin mutation - risk factors

Volltext

Referenzen

References
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