Platelet Activation and Blood Coagulation

Johan W. M. Heemskerk; Edouard M. Bevers; Theo Lindhout

doi:10.1055/s-0037-1613209

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Thromb Haemost 2002; 88(02): 186-193
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1613209

Review Article

Schattauer GmbH

Platelet Activation and Blood Coagulation

Johan W. M. Heemskerk

¹Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands

,

Edouard M. Bevers

¹Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands

,

Theo Lindhout

¹Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, The Netherlands

› Institutsangaben

Abstract

Summary

Platelet activation and blood coagulation are complementary, mutually dependent processes in haemostasis and thrombosis. Platelets interact with several coagulation factors, while the coagulation product thrombin is a potent platelet-activating agonist. Activated platelets come in a procoagulant state after a prolonged elevation in cytosolic [Ca²⁺]_i. Such platelets, e. g. when adhering to collagen via glycoprotein VI, expose phosphatidylserine (PS) at their outer surface and produce (PS-exposing) membrane blebs and microvesicles. Inhibition of aminophospholipid translocase and activation of phospholipid scramblase mediate the exposure of PS, whereas calpain-mediated protein cleavage leads to membrane blebbing and vesiculation. Surface-exposed PS strongly propagates the coagulation process by facilitating the assembly and activation of tenase and prothrombinase complexes. Factor IXa and platelet-bound factor Va support these activities. In addition, platelets can support the initiation phase of coagulation by providing binding sites for prothrombin and factor XI. They thereby take over the initiating role of tissue factor and factor VIIa in coagulation activation.

Keywords

Coagulation factors - phosphatidylserine - platelet receptors - thrombin

Volltext

Referenzen

References
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