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J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2018; 79(04): 279-284
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1617757
Original Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Postoperative Reduction of Intraventricular Hemorrhage Volume: Single- Versus Dual-Catheter Drainage

Syed Shahzad Hussain
1   Department of Neurosurgery, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
,
Asif Raza
1   Department of Neurosurgery, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
,
Saman Shahid
2   Foundation for Advancement of Science and Technology (FAST), National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences (NUCES), Lahore, Pakistan
,
Hafiz Hamza Asif
1   Department of Neurosurgery, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
3   National Hospital & Medical Care, DHA, Lahore, Pakistan
,
Usman Ahmad
1   Department of Neurosurgery, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
,
Naveed Ashraf
1   Department of Neurosurgery, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

11 April 2017

23 October 2017

Publication Date:
18 January 2018 (online)

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Abstract

Background/Aims The use of single/dual external ventricular drains (EVD) for reducing intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is under investigation. A randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare postoperative reduction of IVH volume using single- and dual-catheter drainage in spontaneous IVH patients. We investigated factors that may influence an effective hematoma volume reduction by EVDs.

Materials and Methods The average cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage volumes were analyzed. Computed tomography (CT) scans were performed on admission, 24 hours and 48 hours after EVD placement, and then on days 5 and 8. Patient group 1 was treated with a single EVD; patient group 2 was treated with bilateral EVDs. The IVH volume was calculated in all ventricles. A multivariate analysis was conducted to investigate variables that can influence the extent of hematoma volume reduction with a bilateral EVD. Regression followed by a Pearson correlation was performed to observe the strength of association of cofounders with the IVH volume reduction.

Results The percentage of IVH volume change was found to be significantly higher in the dual-catheter group compared with the single-catheter group (p = 0.0034) after 5 days of EVD. The mean reduction in IVH volume was 17.36 (mL) in patients ≤ 45 years of age and 20.50 (mL) in patients > 45 years. The multivariate analysis suggested the following significant predictors for IVH volume reduction: age of the patient (p = 0.011) and longer duration (days) of EVD (p = 0.028). The age of the patient had a weak positive association and duration of EVD had a positive association with the IVH volume reduction.

Conclusion Intraventricular drainage via bilateral EVDs may provide a better draining of blood-mixed CSF because it led to faster clot clearance. It is suggested that a longer duration of bilateral EVDs may lead to a greater reduction in IVH volume. Older patients may experience a greater IVH volume reduction by EVD because the volume of CSF increases with cerebral atrophy.

Keywords

external ventricular drainage - intraventricular hemorrhage - cerebrospinal fluid

Compliance with Ethical Standards

Informed consent was obtained from all patients included in the study that conformed to institutional ethical standards. The study was approved by the institutional ethical review committee.


 

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