Adipositasprävention und non-communicable diseases

Zusammenfassung

Die 65. World Health Assembly hat die Bekämpfung nicht-übertragbarer Krankheiten in den Mittelpunkt globaler Aufmerksamkeit und Aktivität gerückt. Da Übergewicht bzw. Adipositas wesentliche Risikofaktoren für einen erheblichen Teil dieser Erkrankungen darstellen, kommt damit der Prävention (aber auch der Therapie) erhöhten Körpergewichtes in der Programmatik der WHO besondere Bedeutung zu. Gleichzeitig führen die hochgesteckten Ziele der WHO in das fundamentale Dilemma, dass es keine Instrumente gibt, die angestrebten Prävalenz- und Reduktionsraten im vorgegebenen Zeitrahmen zu erreichen. Daraus ergeben sich eine Reihe ethischer und sozialer Fragen, unter anderem nach dem zu Grunde gelegten Modell der Adipositas und den impliziten und expliziten Verantwortlichkeiten für ihre Bekämpfung.

Summary

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have recently been put in the focus of global attention and action by the 65th World Health Assembly. As overweight/obesity are among the most relevant risk factors for these diseases, prevention (and therapy) of increased body weight is crucial for the conception of the WHO action plan. But the aims formulated by the WHO raise ethical and social issues, especially when questions concerning the implementation and realization of the programme to reduce mortality and morbidity attributed to NCDs are considered. Nevertheless, the ambitious aims lead to a fundamental dilemma, as there are no instruments and strategies to achieve the intended rates of prevalence and reduction. Consequently, ethical and social questions emerge, e.g. with regard to the disease model governing implicit and explicit responsibilities in the WHO’s action plan against obesity.

Schlüsselwörter

Adipositasprävention - Meta-Modell der Adipositas - nicht-übertragbare Krankheiten - Stigmatisierung - Gesundheitspolitik

Keywords

Obesity prevention - meta-model of obesity - non-communicable diseases - stigmatization - health policy

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