Vergleich zwischen Mehrkatzenbeständen mit und ohne Katzenschnupfen

Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand und Ziel: Katzenschnupfen ist ein häufiges Problem in der Kleintierpraxis. Eine Reihe von Faktoren beeinflusst das Auftreten der Krankheit. Ziel dieser Arbeit war, Mehrkatzenbestände (≥ 5 Katzen) mit und ohne Katzen-schnupfen zu vergleichen und die Faktoren zu ermitteln, die in diesen Beständen unterschiedlich vorhanden waren.

Material und Methoden: In die Studie gingen 21 Fall- und 20 Kontrollbestände ein. In jedem Bestand diente ein Fragebogen der Erhebung möglicher Risikofaktoren. Die Katzen wurden auf felines Herpesvirus 1, felines Calicivirus, Chlamydophila felis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, felines Immunschwächevirus und felines Leukämievirus untersucht und ein Blutbild wurde angefertigt.

Ergebnisse: Von allen untersuchten Faktoren ergaben sich nur in Hinblick auf das häufigere Vorhandensein männlicher Katzen und die höhere Prävalenz von Chlamydophila felis statistisch signifikante Unterschiede zwischen Beständen mit und ohne Katzenschnupfen. Andere Erreger waren in “Problembeständen” und in “gesunden Beständen” mit annähernd gleicher Häufigkeit vorhanden.

Klinische Relevanz: Zwischen der Kontroll- und der Fallgruppe bestanden wenig signifikante Unterschiede. Viele der untersuchten Faktoren wie Neuzugänge oder schlechte Hygiene im Bestand differierten nicht statistisch signifikant zwischen den Haltungen. Außerdem sind Bestände, in denen Katzenschnupfen nicht auftritt, nicht unbedingt “frei” von Erregern. Viele Katzen können infiziert sein und zeitweise Erreger ausscheiden, ohne Symptome aufzuweisen.

Summary

Objective: Upper respiratory tract disease in cats isa common problem in veterinary practice. A number of risk factors have an influence on the development of the disease. The aim of this study was to compare multiple cat households (≥ 5 cats) with and without upper respiratory tract disease and to determine the risk factors, which were different in these households.

Material and methods: The investigation comprised 21 “case” and 20 “control” households. In every household, data on possible risk factors were gathered by a questionnaire. The cats were examined for feline herpesvirus-1, feline calicivirus, Chlamydophila felis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, feline immunodeficiency virus, and feline leukemia virus. Additionally, a complete blood count was performed.

Results: Only the parameters overrepresentation of male cats and the higher prevalence of Chlamydophila felis varied statistically significantly between “control” and “case” households. Other pathogens were almost equally present in “control” and “case” households.

Clinical relevance: Only small differences existed between “control” and “case” households. Most of the investigated factors, including introduction of new cats or poor hygiene, did not show statistically significant differences between these households. In addition, households without upper respiratory tract disease are not devoid of pathogens. Many cats can be infected and occasionally shed the pathogen without showing clinical signs.

Schlüsselwörter

Katzenschnupfen - Risikofaktoren - Mehrkatzenhaushalt - felines Herpesvirus 1 - felines Calicivirus - Chlamydophila felis - Bordetella bronchiseptica

Key words

Feline upper respiratory tract disease - Risk factors - Multiple cat households - Feline herpesvirus-1 - Feline calicivirus - Chlamidophila felis - Bordetella bronchiseptica

Eingegangen: 03.06.2004; akzeptiert: 04.11.2004

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