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Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2009; 37(04): 250-260
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1622802
Original article
Schattauer GmbH

Objective interpretation of dental disease in rabbits, guinea pigs and chinchillas

Use of anatomical reference linesObjektive Interpretation von Zahnerkrankungen bei Kaninchen, Meer-schweinchen und ChinchillasAnwendung anatomischer Referenzlinien
E. Boehmer
1   Clinic of Veterinary Surgery and Obstetrics (Head of Department: Prof. Dr. U. Matis), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany; Division of Surgery (Principal: P. Boydell), Animal Medical Centre, Chorlton, Manchester, UK
,
D. Crossley
1   Clinic of Veterinary Surgery and Obstetrics (Head of Department: Prof. Dr. U. Matis), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany; Division of Surgery (Principal: P. Boydell), Animal Medical Centre, Chorlton, Manchester, UK
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Publikationsverlauf

Received: 08. August 2008

Accepted: 25. Januar 2009

Publikationsdatum:
06. Januar 2018 (online)

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Summary

Objective: Objective interpretation of dental disease in rabbits, guinea pigs and chinchillas with the use of anatomical reference lines. Material and methods: Skull radiographs (laterolateral and dorsoventral view) of 528 small mammals (204 rabbits, 151 guinea pigs and 173 chinchillas) were measured and analysed exactly in connection with a thorough intra- and extraoral clinical examination. 464 animals showed variable signs of malocclusion whereas 64 animals had a normocclusion. The clinical and radiographic changes of 224 individuals (52 rabbits, 41 guinea pigs and 131 chinchillas) were additionally compared with post mortem findings. Results: Particularly the comparison of the prepared skulls with the radiographs of the identical animals enabled the acquirement of species specific anatomical reference lines, that facilitate the objectice assessment of severity of dental disease in elodont species. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Using these reference lines the extent of malocclusion in rabbits, guinea pigs and chinchillas can be acquired more exactly and the results are reproducible by different examiners (staging). In addition to this these special lines facilitate to accurately monitor the progress of dental changes and thus to predict a probable long-term prognosis. The reference lines are absolutely applicable for daily use in practice.

Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand und Ziel: Objektive Interpretation von Zahnerkrankungen bei Kaninchen, Meerschweinchen und Chinchillas mithilfe anatomischer Referenzlinien. Material und Methode: Bei 528 kleinen Heimtieren (204 Kaninchen, 151 Meerschweinchen und 173 Chinchillas) wurden Röntgenaufnahmen des Kopfes in zwei Ebenen angefertigt und im Zusammenhang mit einer sorgfältigen intra- und extraoralen klinischen Untersuchung exakt anylysiert und vermessen. 464 dieser Tiere zeigten unterschiedlich deutliche Anzeichen einer Malokklusion, während 64 Tiere ein gesundes Gebiss aufwiesen. Bei 224 Individuen (52 Kaninchen, 41 Meerschweinchen und 131 Chinchillas) wurden die erhobenen klinischen sowie röntgenologischen Veränderungen post mortem mit den jeweiligen Befunden an den präparierten Schädeln verglichen. Ergebnisse: Insbesondere durch die unmittelbare Gegenüberstellung des präparierten Schädels mit den zuvor angefertigten Röntgenaufnahmen des jeweils selben Tieres konnten spezielle tierartspezifische Referenzlinien erarbeitet werden, die es erlauben, Zahnerkrankungen bei Tierarten mit elodonten Backenzähnen nicht nur subjektiv, sondern auch objektiv zu erfassen. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Mithilfe dieser Referenzlinien kann das Ausmaß der Zahnerkrankungen bei Kaninchen, Meerschweinchen und Chinchillas exakt und auch von verschiedenen Untersuchern reproduzierbar erfasst werden (Staging). Darüber hinaus ermöglichen es die Linien im Rahmen einer Langzeitstudie, den weiteren Verlauf der Malokklusion relativ genau zu dokumentieren und somit eine eindeutigere Aussage hinsichtlich der Langzeitprognose zu stellen. Die Referenzlinien eignen sich somit gut für den Einsatz in der täglichen Praxis.

Key words

Malocclusion - normocclusion - radiography - assessment - long-term prognosis - staging

Schlüsselwörter

Malokklusion - Normokklusion - Röntgen - Beurteilung - Langzeitprognose - Einteilung
 

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