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Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2012; 40(04): 243-249
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1623646
Original Article
Schattauer GmbH

Canine non-hematopoietic gastric neoplasia

Epidemiologic and diagnostic characteristics in 38 dogs with post-surgical outcome of five casesKanine nichthämatopoetische MagentumorenEpidemiologische und diagnostische Charakteristika bei 38 Hunden und postoperativer Verlauf von fünf Fällen
V. von Babo
1   Small Animal Hospital University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
,
N. Eberle
1   Small Animal Hospital University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
,
R. Mischke
1   Small Animal Hospital University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
,
A. Meyer-Lindenberg
3   Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Centre of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
,
M. Hewicker-Trautwein
2   Department for Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
,
I. Nolte
1   Small Animal Hospital University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
,
D. Betz
1   Small Animal Hospital University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 28 December 2011

Accepted after revision: 29 May 2012

Publication Date:
06 January 2018 (online)

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Summary

Objective: Aim of this study was to investigate epidemiologic and diagnostic characteristics of canine non-hematopoietic gastric neoplasia and to evaluate the surgical outcome of selected cases.

Material and methods: Patient data of dogs with histologically confirmed nonhematopoietic gastric tumors were reviewed and dogs with surgical intervention were followed up.

Results: 38 dogs were included into the evaluation. Histopathologic diagnoses comprised carcinoma/adeno- carcinoma (n = 33), gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) (n = 4), and leiomyoma (n = 1). Patients’ median age was 10 years, median weight was 20 kg and the male:female ratio was 1.4 : 1.The breeds represented by most individuals were Chow Chow, Collie, Hovawart and mixedbreed. Most frequent presenting complaint was vomiting. Only a low proportion of dogs were presented with anemia, thrombocytopenia or hypoproteinemia. In 58% of cases, ultrasonographic examination led to findings that were considered compatible with gastric neoplasia. Gastric wall thickening and loss of layering were the most common sonographic findings. Most frequent endoscopic findings were mucosal thickening and reddening; ulcerations were infrequent. Computed tomography findings were compatible with gastric neoplasia in two cases in which CT was performed. Intra-operative cytology results showed accordance with histologic diagnoses in 88% of cases. Five dogs with different underlying pathology and variable disease extension underwent surgical tumor resection. In one patient, recurrence was diagnosed after 104 days. Survival times of these dogs ranged between 7 and 2326 days.

Conclusion and clinical relevance: Ultrasonography and, in selected cases, computed tomography aided in the diagnosis of gastric neoplasia. Intra-operative cytology possessed diagnostic value. In cases in which surgical resection was attempted, survival times varied markedly likely due to variable disease extension and underlying pathology (e. g. adenocarcinoma versus leiomyoma).

Zusammenfassung

Das Ziel der Studie lag in der Auswertung epidemiologischer und diagnostischer Charakteristika nichthämatopoetischer Magentumoren des Hundes sowie in einer Untersuchung des Krankheitsverlaufs operierter Tiere.

Material und Methode: Zur Auswertung gelangten Patientendaten von Hunden mit histologisch bestätigten nichthämatopoetischen Neoplasien des Magens. Verlaufsuntersuchungen erfolgten nach chirurgischer Tumorresektion.

Ergebnisse: Die histologischen Diagnosen der 38 in die Studie eingeschlossenen Hunde umfassten Karzinom/Adenokarzinom (n = 33), gastrointestinaler Stromatumor (GIST) (n = 4) und Leiomyom (n = 1). Das mediane Alter und Gewicht der Tiere betrug 10 Jahre bzw. 20 kg, das Geschlechterverhältnis (männlich : weiblich) lag bei 1,4 : 1. Am häufigsten vertreten waren Chow Chow, Collie, Hovawart sowie Mischlinge. Häufigster Vorstellungsgrund war Vomitus. Ein geringer Anteil der Patienten zeigte bei Diagnosestellung eine Anämie, Thrombozytopenie oder Hypoproteinämie. In 58% der Fälle erwiesen sich die ultrasonographischen Befunde mit der Diagnose eines Magentumors kompatibel, wobei am häufigsten Verdickung und Schichtungsverlust der Magenwand bestanden. Bei den endoskopischen Befunden dominierten Schleimhautverdickung und -rötung, während Ulzerationen selten auftraten. Die bei zwei Hunden durchgeführte computertomographische Untersuchung ergab die Verdachtsdiagnose einer Magenneoplasie. Der Befund der intraoperativen zytologischen Untersuchung stimmte zu 88% mit der histologischen Diagnose überein. Bei fünf Hunden mit unterschiedlichen pathologischen Befunden und Krankheitsausdehnung erfolgte eine chirurgische Tumorresektion. Ein Hund entwickelte nach 104 Tagen ein Rezidiv. Die Überlebenszeiten dieser fünf Hunde lagen zwischen 7 und 2326 Tagen.

Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Bei der Diagnostik von Magentumoren erwiesen sich die Sonographie und in einzelnen Fällen die Computertomographie als hilfreich. Eine intraoperative zytologische Untersuchung hatte diagnostische Aussagekraft. Nach chirurgischer Tumorresektion variierte die Überlebenszeit aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Ausbreitung und Tumorart (z. B. Adenokarzinom, Leiomyom) deutlich.

Key words

Stomach - tumor - cytology - surgery - survival

Schlüsselwörter

Magen - Tumor - Zytologie - Chirurgie - Überlebenszeit - Rezidiv
 

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