Postoperativer Verlauf bei kaninen Mammatumoren^[*]

Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand und Ziel: Mammatumoren gehören zu den häufigsten Neoplasien beim Hund. Bisher liegen wenige Daten bezüglich des postoperativen Verlaufs in Zusammenhang mit einer unabhängigen prognostischen Aussagekraft verschiedener Faktoren, insbesondere präoperativ verfügbarer Parameter wie zytologischer Befunde, vor. Das Ziel der Studie war daher, bei Hunden mit Mammatumoren den Krankheitsverlauf nach chirurgischer Versorgung zu beschreiben und unabhängige prognostische Faktoren zu identifizieren.

Material und Methoden: Prospektive Studie, in der kanine Mammatumoren chirurgisch reseziert und nachfolgend histopathologisch untersucht wurden. Kaplan-MeierLog-Rank-Analyse sowie Multivarianz-Regressions-Analyse wurden angewandt, um postoperatives Überleben, rezidivfreies Intervall (RFI), metastasenfreies Intervall (MFI) sowie den unabhängigen Einfluss verschiedener Faktoren auf den Verlauf zu evaluieren.

Ergebnisse: In die Studie gingen 134 Hunde mit Mammatumoren ein. Bei 126 Hunden ohne Fernmetastasen betrug die mediane Überlebenszeit 1113 d, das mediane RFI und MFI wurden nicht erreicht. Der histologische Grad wies einen unabhängigen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Dauer des RFI (p = 0,04), des MFI (p = 0,007) und die Überlebenszeit (p = 0,029) auf. Die mediane Überlebenszeit bei benignen Neoplasien (n = 98), malignen Tumoren Grad 1 (n = 10) bzw. malignen Tumoren Grad 2 betrug 1319, 670 bzw. 406 d. Die präoperative zytologische Diagnose hatte einen unabhängigen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Rezidivwahrscheinlichkeit (p = 0,013) sowie die Dauer des RFI (p = 0,026) und die Überlebenszeit (p = 0,03).

Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Der histologische Grad zeigte sich als stärkster unabhängiger prognostischer Parameter für den postoperativen Verlauf bei dieser Population von Hunden mit Mammatumoren. Als präoperativ verfügbare Information besitzt der zytologische Befund bei kaninen Mammatumoren prognostisches Potenzial.

Summary

Objective: Mammary tumors belong to the most common canine neoplasias. Few data are available on postoperative outcome and independent prognostic value of variables including pre-operatively available parameters such as cytology. The aim of this study was to characterize outcome following surgery and identify independent prognostic factors in canine mammary tumors.

Material and methods: Prospective study in which dogs with mammary tumors underwent surgical tumor removal followed by histopathologic examination of the neoplasias. Kaplan-Meier log rank analysis and multivariate regression analyses were used to evaluate survival, recurrence-free interval (RFI) and metastasis free interval (MFI) as well as independent influence of variables on outcome.

Results: 134 dogs with mammary tumors were included. In 126 dogs without distant metastasis, overall survival duration was 1113 d; median RFI and MFI were not reached. Histologic grade showed independent influence on duration of RFI (p = 0.040), MFI (p = 0.007), and survival (p = 0.029). Median survival in benign (n = 98), grade 1 (n = 10) and grade 2 (n = 16) malignant tumors was 1319 d, 670 d, 406 d, respectively. Cytology exerted independent influence on the likelihood for recurrence (p = 0.013), duration of RFI (p = 0.026) and survival (p = 0.030).

Conclusion and clinical relevance: Histologic grade was of independent prognostic significance for postoperative outcome in this population of dogs with mammary tumors. As a pre-operatively available parameter, cytology may also possess prognostic value in canine mammary neoplasias.

Schlüsselwörter

Mammakarzinom - Hund - Prognose - Zytologie - Überlebenszeit - Rezidiv

Key words

Mammary carcinoma - dog - prognosis - cytology - survival - recurrence

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