PDF herunterladen
Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2013; 41(06): 421-427
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1623735
Für Studium und Praxis
Schattauer GmbH

Taubheit bei Hunden und Katzen: Ursachen, Diagnostik und Therapie

Deafness in the dog and cat: Aetiology, diagnostics and treatment
J.-P. Bach
1   Klinik für Kleintiere, Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
,
M. Lüpke
2   Fachgebiet Allgemeine Radiologie und Medizinische Physik, Stiftung, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
,
P. Wefstaedt
1   Klinik für Kleintiere, Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
› Institutsangaben
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

received Eingegangen: 10. Oktober 2013

accepted Akzeptiert nach Revision: 21. Oktober 2013

Publikationsdatum:
08. Januar 2018 (online)

    Lizenzen und Reprints

Zusammenfassung

Taubheit gehört zu den am häufigsten beobachteten sensorischen Defiziten bei Hunden und Katzen. Die Ermittlung des Ausmaßes und der Ursache einer Taubheit kann Aufschluss über eine potenzielle Therapie geben, dem Tierbesitzer den Umgang mit seinem Tier erleichtern und die Entscheidung über die Zuchtverwendung des Tieres beeinflussen. Die Elektroaudiometrie mittels BAER (brainstem auditory evoked response) ermöglicht eine objektive Beurteilung der Hörfunktion. Darüber hinaus können die Otoskopie und verschiedene bildgebende Verfahren wie die Computertomographie bei der Ermittlung der Taubheitsursache hilfreich sein. Während Schallleitungstaubheiten häufig therapierbar sind, gibt es bei sensorineuralen Taubheiten in den meisten Fällen keine zufriedenstellende Behandlungsmöglichkeit. Eine wichtige Aufgabe des Tierarztes besteht hier in der Beratung des Patientenbesitzers im Umgang mit seinem Tier.

Summary

Deafness is one of the most common sensory deficits in cats and dogs. Determining the scope and the cause of deafness is important for a possible therapy and can enable the handling of the animal by its owner as well as influence the decision about breeding with the affected animal. Electrodiagnostic testing using the brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) enables an objective evaluation of the hearing function. Additionally, otoscopy and various diagnostic imaging techniques, including computed tomography, can help in determining the cause of deafness. While conductive deafness can often be treated, there is normally no satisfactory treatment for sensorineural deafness. In such cases, an important task of the attending veterinarian is to advise the owner on handling his/her animal.

Schlüsselwörter

Auditorisches System - Erbkrankheit - Neurologie - Hörtest - Elektroaudiometrie - Computertomographie - Magnetresonanztomographie

Key words

Auditory system - hereditary disease - neurology - hearing test - audiometry - computed tomography - magnetic resonance imaging
 

  • Literatur

  • 1 Bach J-P, Lüpke M, Dziallas P, Wefstaedt P, Uppenkamp S, Seifert H, Nolte I. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of the ascending stages of the auditory system in dogs. BMC Vet Res 2013; 09: 210.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Bischoff MG, Kneller SK. Diagnostic imaging of the canine and feline ear. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2004; 34: 437-458.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Brown TA, Joanisse MF, Gati JS, Hughes SM, Nixon PL, Menon RS, Lomber SG. Characterization of the blood-oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response in cat auditory cortex using high-field fMRI. NeuroImage 2013; 64: 458-465.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Buchwald JS, Huang C. Far-field acoustic response: origins in the cat. Science 1975; 189: 382-384.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Cvejic D, Steinberg TA, Kent MS, Fischer A. Unilateral and bilateral congenital sensorineural deafness in client-owned pure-breed white cats. J Vet Intern Med 2009; 23: 392-395.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Darwin C. On the origins of species by means of natural selection. London: Murray; 1859
    Google Scholar
  • 7 Harcourt-Brown TR, Parker JE, Granger N, Jeffery ND. Effect of middle ear effusion on the brain-stem auditory evoked response of Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. Vet J 2011; 188: 341-345.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Harvey RG, Delauche AJ, Harari J. Ear Diseases of the Dog & Cat. London: Manson: Publishing; 2005
    Google Scholar
  • 9 Holliday TA, Te Selle ME. Brain stem auditory-evoked potentials of dogs: wave forms and effects of recording electrode positions. Am J Vet Res 1985; 46: 845-851.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Holliday TA, Nelson HJ, Williams DC, Willits N. Unilateral and bilateral unilateral and bilateral brainstem auditory-evoked response abnormalities in 900 Dalmatian dogs. J Vet Intern Med 1992; 06: 166-174.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Houpt K, Beaver B. Behavioral problems of geriatric dogs and cats. Vet Clin North Am: Small Anim Pract 1981; 11: 643-652.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Johnson A, Hawke M. The Nonauditory Physiology of the External Ear. Jahn AF, Santos-Sacchi J. eds. New York: Raven Press; 1988: 41-58.
    Google Scholar
  • 13 Juraschko K, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Nolte I, Distl O. A regressive model analysis of congenital sensorineural deafness in German Dalmatian dogs. Mamm Genome 2003; 14: 547-554.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Lev A, Sohmer H. Sources of averaged neural responses recorded in animal and human subjects during cochlear audiometry (electro-cochleogram). Arch Klin Exp Ohren Nasen Kehlkopfheilkd 1972; 201: 79-90.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Mair IW. Hereditary deafness in the white cat. Acta Oto-laryngologica Suppl 1973; 314: 1-48.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Mair IW. Hereditary deafness in the dalmatian dog. Arch Oto-rhino-laryngology 1976; 212: 1-14.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Marshall A. Kommentar zu Knowles K. Reduction of spiral ganglion neurons in the aging canine with hearing loss . Adv Small Anim Med Surg 1990; 12: 3-4.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 McBrearty A, Penderis J. Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions testing for screening of sensorineural deafness in puppies. J Vet Intern Med 2011; 25: 1366-1371.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Merchant SR. Ototoxicity. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1994; 24: 971-980.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Pickrell JA, Oehme FW, Cash WC. Ototoxicity in dogs and cats. Semin Vet Med Surg 1993; 08: 42-49.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Poma R, Chambers H, da Costa RC, Konyer NB, Nykamp S, Dobson H, Milgram NW. MRI measurement of the canine auditory pathways and relationship with brainstem auditory evoked responses. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2008; 21: 238-242.
    Artikel in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Pook HA, Steiss JE. Correlation of brain stem auditory-evoked responses with cranium size and body weight of dogs. Am J Vet Res 1990; 51: 1779-1783.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Ryugo D, Kretzmer E, Niparko J. Restoration of auditory nerve synapses in cats by cochlear implants. Science 2005; 310: 1490-1492.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Selimoglu E. Aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity. Curr Pharm Des 2007; 13: 119-126.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Shipley C, Buchwald J, Carterette E. The role of auditory feedback in the vocalizations of cats. Exp Brain Res 1988; 69: 431-438.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Sims MH, Moore RE. Auditory-evoked response in the clinically normal dog: early latency components. Am J Vet Res 1984; 45: 2019-2027.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Steffen F, Jaggy A. Taubheit und ihre Diagnose bei Hund und Katze. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd 1998; 140: 397-404.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Stern-Bertholtz W, Sjöström L, Håkanson NW. Primary secretory otitis media in the Cavalier King Charles spaniel: a review of 61 cases. J Small Anim Pract. 2003 44. 253.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Strain GM, Kearney MT, Gignac IJ, Levesque DC, Nelson HJ, Tedford BL, Remsen LG. Brainstem auditory-evoked potential assessment of congenital deafness in Dalmatians: associations with phenotypic markers. J Vet Int Med 1992; 06: 175-182.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Strain GM, Merchant SR, Neer TM, Tedford BL. Ototoxicity assessment of a gentamicin sulfate otic preparation in dogs. Am J Vet Res 1995; 56: 532-538.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Strain GM. Aetiology, prevalence and diagnosis of deafness in dogs and cats. Br Vet J 1996; 152: 17-36.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Strain GM. Congenital deafness and its recognition. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1999; 29: 895-907 vi..
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Strain GM. Deafness in Dogs and Cats. Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK. Cambridge, MA: CABI; 2011
    Google Scholar
  • 34 Ter Haar G, Mulder JJ, Venker-van Haagen AJ, Van Sluijs FJ, Snik AF, Smoorenburg GF. Treatment of age-related hearing loss in dogs with the vibrant soundbridge middle ear implant: short-term results in 3 dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2010; 24: 557-564.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Wilson WJ, Mills PC. Brainstem auditory-evoked response in dogs. Am J Vet Res 2005; 66: 2177-2187.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Wolf D. Optimierung der Bildqualität bei der MR-Darstellung der Hundenase und des Hundeohres. Dissertation, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover. 2010
    PubMedGoogle Scholar