Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1624578
Postpartum Genital Melanoma – A Case Report
Melanoma genital pós-parto – relato de casoPublication History
03 October 2017
20 December 2017
Publication Date:
23 February 2018 (online)
Abstract
Melanomas of the female genital tract may occur in the vulva, the vagina, the ovary or the cervix. Pregnancy has been considered an aggravating factor in the evolution and prognosis of melanoma. A 35-year-old female presented with vaginal bleeding 2 months after a term cesarean delivery. An endovaginal ultrasound revealed a lesion in the uterine cervix. The pathological report revealed a small round-cell neoplasm, and the immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. A positron emission tomography revealed an expansive hypermetabolic lesion centered on the cervix, and hypermetabolic lesions in the liver and right kidney. Non-surgical treatment was provided, with biochemotherapy followed by ipilimumab and nivolumab. The patient died one year later. Postpartum vaginal bleeding, even if late-onset, should be investigated, as it may be a pregnancy-associated malignant melanoma, which has a poor prognosis.
Resumo
Melanomas do trato ginecológico podem ocorrer na vulva, vagina, ovário ou cérvix. A gravidez é considerada um fator agravante na evolução e prognóstico do melanoma. Uma mulher de 35 anos de idade apresentou sangramento vaginal 2 meses após o parto por cesariana a termo. Uma ultrassonografia endovaginal mostrou lesão no colo uterino. O exame anatomopatológico mostrou uma pequena neoplasia de células redondas, e a imuno-histoquímica confirmou o diagnóstico de melanoma maligno. A tomografia por emissão de pósitrons mostrou lesão hipermetabólica expansiva centrada no colo do útero, e lesões hipermetabólicas no fígado e no rim direito. O tratamento não cirúrgico foi feito com bioquimioterapia seguida de ipilimumab e nivolumab. A paciente morreu um ano depois. Sangramentos vaginais pós-parto, mesmo que tardios, devem ser investigados, pois podem ser um melanoma maligno associado à gravidez, o qual tem um mau prognóstico.
-
References
- 1 Andersson TM, Johansson AL, Fredriksson I, Lambe M. Cancer during pregnancy and the postpartum period: A population-based study. Cancer 2015; 121 (12) 2072-2077 . Doi: 10.1002/cncr.29325
- 2 Ferraioli D, Lamblin G, Mathevet P. , et al. Genital melanoma: prognosis factors and treatment modality. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2016; 294 (05) 1037-1045 . Doi: 10.1007/s00404-016-4144-4
- 3 Myriokefalitaki E, Babbel B, Smith M, Ahmed AS. Primary malignant melanoma of uterine cervix FIGO IIa1: A case report with 40 months ongoing survival and literature review. Gynecol Oncol Case Rep 2013; 5: 52-54 . Doi: 10.1016/j.gynor.2013.04.004
- 4 Chen L, Xiong Y, Wang H, Liang L, Shang H, Yan X. Malignant melanoma of the vagina: A case report and review of the literature. Oncol Lett 2014; 8 (04) 1585-1588 . Doi: 10.3892/ol.2014.2357
- 5 Johansson AL, Andersson TM, Plym A, Ullenhag GJ, Møller H, Lambe M. Mortality in women with pregnancy-associated malignant melanoma. J Am Acad Dermatol 2014; 71 (06) 1093-1101 . Doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.09.018
- 6 Todd SP, Driscoll MS. Prognosis for women diagnosed with melanoma during, before, or after pregnancy: Weighing the evidence. Int J Womens Dermatol 2017; 3 (01) 26-29 . Doi: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2016.12.004
- 7 Quintás-Cardama A, Lazar AJ, Woodman SE, Kim K, Ross M, Hwu P. Complete response of stage IV anal mucosal melanoma expressing KIT Val560Asp to the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib. Nat Clin Pract Oncol 2008; 5 (12) 737-740 . Doi: 10.1038/ncponc1251
- 8 Friedman CF, Proverbs-Singh TA, Postow MA. Treatment of the immune-related adverse effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a review. JAMA Oncol 2016; 2 (10) 1346-1353 . Doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.1051