Strahlenresistenzen und ihre Überwindung

Summary

Despite good achievements in prevention and control, cancer is still a leading cause of death worldwide. The development of resistances against conventional treatment modalities is one of the main causes of failure in the treatment of cancer. Radio- and chemotherapies fail frequently due to intrinsic or acquired resistances in apoptotic signalling pathways or alterations in DNA-repair processes.

Targeted radiotherapies employing α-particle-emitting radionuclides and Auger-emitting electrons are a promising approach in cancer treatment to break radio- and chemo – resistance by overcoming DNA-repair mechanisms and reversing deficient activation of apoptotic pathways in cancer cells.

Zusammenfassung

Trotz großer Fortschritte in der Krebstherapie zählen Tumorerkrankungen zu den häufigsten Todesursachen. Das Hauptproblem sind inhärente oder erworbene Resistenzen der Tumorzellen gegenüber konventionellen Therapien. Häufig spielen Defekte im Apoptosesignalweg sowie fehlregulierte DNA-Reparaturmechanismen eine entscheidende Rolle bei Strahlen- und Chemoresistenzen.

Die gezielte Radionuklidtherapie mit a- und Auger-Elektronen-Emittern ist ein vielversprechender Therapieansatz, um Resistenzen gegenüber Strahlung und Chemotherapeutika in Tumorzellen erfolgreich zu überwinden, indem die DNA-Reparatur durchbrochen wird und somit die apoptotischen Signalwege reaktiviert werden können.

Keywords

Cancer treatment - resistances - apoptosis - DNA-repair - α-emitter - Auger electrons

Schlüsselwörter

Krebsbehandlung - Resistenzen - Apoptose - DNA-Reparatur - α-Emitter - Auger-Elektronen

^* Der Beitrag der Autoren zu dem Artikel ist gleichzusetzen.

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