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Nervenheilkunde 2007; 26(03): 141-149
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1626841
Original Article
Schattauer GmbH

Rolle des zentralen dopaminergen Systems bei psychiatrischen Erkrankungen

Schizophrenie, Depression, Manie und ADHSNew insights concerning the role of the central dopaminergic system in psychiatric disordersschizophrenia, depression, mania and ADHD
B. Abler
1   Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Abteilung Psychiatrie III (Ärztlicher Direktor: Prof. Dr. Dr. M. Spitzer)
,
N. Vasic
1   Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Abteilung Psychiatrie III (Ärztlicher Direktor: Prof. Dr. Dr. M. Spitzer)
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Eingegangen am: 14 November 2006

angenommen am: 15 November 2006

Publication Date:
19 January 2018 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

In verschiedenen Untersuchungen konnte bislang gezeigt werden, dass eine Dysfunktion des zentralen dopaminergen Systems bei vielen psychiatrischen Erkrankungen eine wichtige Rolle spielt, unter anderen Schizophrenie, Depression, bipolare Erkrankung und ADHS. Die daraus resultierenden neurokognitiven und psychopathologischen Funktionsveränderungen– auf motivationaler, psychomotorischer sowie exekutiver Ebene – können mittlerweile mit ihren neuroanatomischen und neurofunktionellen Korrelaten in eine direkte Verbindung gebracht werden. Im Fokus des Forschungsinteresses liegen insbesondere das ventrale und dorsale Striatum, aber auch Teile des limbischen Systems und der präfrontale Kortex. In diesem Beitrag werden aktuelle genetische, molekularbiologische und bildgebende Befunde präsentiert, die die Rolle der dopaminergen Transmission sowie der Interaktion von Dopamin mit anderen Transmittersystemen in der Pathogenese wichtiger psychiatrischer Störungen näher spezifizieren. Schwerpunktmäßig diskutiert werden solche Erkenntnisse, die für neue Therapierichtungen ausschlaggebend sein könnten.

Summary

Various previous studies show that a dysfunction of the central dopaminergic neurotransmission is involved ina series of neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder and ADHD. The neurocognitive and psychopathological manifestations of central dopaminergic dysfunction – ona motivational, psychomotoric and executive level– have lately been put into a relationship with neuroanatomical and neurofunctional sites. The dorsal and ventral striatum, as well as cortical regions such as the limbic and prefrontal cortex, among other locations are in the focus of current research interests. This article presents current genetic, molecular-biologic and imaging findings, specifying the prominent role of dopaminergic transmission as well as the interaction of dopamine with other transmitters in the pathogenesis of some of the most important psychiatric disorders. We emphasize insights which might be crucial for the development of new therapeutic approaches.

Schlüsselwörter

Dopamin - Belohnungssystem - Striatum - Serotonin - psychiatrische Erkrankungen

Keywords

Dopamine - reward-system - striatum - serotonine - psychiatric disorders
 

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