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Nervenheilkunde 2007; 26(07): 560-566
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1626897
Original Article
Schattauer GmbH

Guillain-Barré-Syndrom

Aktuelle Aspekte der Pathogenese, Diagnostik und TherapieGuillain-Barré-Syndromecurrent aspects of pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy
J. Dörr
1   Cecilie-Vogt-Klinik für Molekulare Neurologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Neurologische Klinik, HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch
,
F. Zipp
1   Cecilie-Vogt-Klinik für Molekulare Neurologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Neurologische Klinik, HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch
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Publikationsverlauf

Eingegangen am: 12. März 2007

angenommen am: 12. März 2007

Publikationsdatum:
20. Januar 2018 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Die klinische Entität des Guillain-Barré-Syndroms (GBS) umfasst mindestens vier Subtypen einer peripheren Neuropathie. Hierzu gehören neben der häufigsten akuten inflammatorischen demyelinisierenden Polyneuropathie (AIDP) zwei axonale motorische Varianten mit (AMSAN) oder ohne (AMAN) sensibler Beteiligung und das Miller- Fisher-Syndrom (MFS). Während autoimmunologische Prozesse bei allen Subtypen eine wichtige Rolle spielen, konnten insbesondere bei den axonalen Formen und beim MFS Autoantikörper gegen körpereigene Ganglioside als wesentlicher Pathomechanismus identifiziert werden. Diese Übersicht fasst den aktuellen Wissensstand zur Pathogenese, Diagnostik und Therapie des GBS und seiner Subtypen zusammen.

Summary

The clinical entity of Guillain-Barré-Syndrome (GBS) comprises of at least four subtypes of peripheral neuropathy, including the most frequent acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), two axonal motor variants with (AMSAN) or without (AMAN) sensory involvement, and the Miller-Fisher-Syndrome (MFS). Autoimmunity plays a major role in the pathogenesis of all subtypes, whereas autoantibodies against gangliosides have been identified as underlying mechanisms in the axonal variants and the MFS. This review summarises the current knowledge with respect to pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy of GBS and its subtypes.

Schlüsselwörter

Guillain-Barré-Syndrom - Polyneuropathie - demyelinisierend - axonal - inflammatorisch

Keywords

Guillain-Barré-Syndrom - polyneuropathy - demyelinating - axonal - inflammatory
 

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