Aktivierende Therapien bei Parkinson- Syndromen

Zusammenfassung

Trotz moderner Pharmakotherapie und tiefer Hirnstimulation kommt es bei der Mehrzahl der Parkinson-Patienten im Verlauf zu schwerwiegenden Behinderungen. Besonders für die Lebensqualität wesentliche Funktionen wie Gleichgewicht, Gehen, Sprechen, Schlucken und Kognition können langfristig nur unzureichend durch pharmakologische und chirurgische Verfahren gebessert werden. Aktivierenden Therapien aus den Bereichen der Physio-, Sprech-, Schluck- und Ergotherapie kommt hierbei eine zunehmende Rolle zu. Für bestimmte Problembereiche (z. B. Gleichgewichtsstörungen, motorische Blockaden, Dysarthrophonie) finden sich spezifische neurophysiologisch begründete und wissenschaftlich gut evaluierte aktivierende Therapien, die neben der Medikation einen festen Platz in der langfristigen Behandlung von Parkinson-Patienten haben sollten.

Summary

Despite advances in pharmacotherapy and deep brain stimulation most patients with Parkinson’s disease experience at some stage impairments which have a profound impact on quality of life. Pharmacotherapy and neurosurgical approaches are not satisfactory in treating impaired balance, gait, speech, voice, swallowing and cognition. Activating therapies such as physiotherapy, occupational, swallowing, voice and speech therapy may play an important role in alleviating these symptoms. This CME article focuses on specific activating interventions for certain impairments (e. g. gait and balance disorders, dysarthrophonia) which have emerged based on neurophysiological concepts and scientifically evaluated studies and which should play a role in the long term care of PD patients.

Schlüsselwörter

Parkinson-Syndrome - Dopamin - Physiotherapie - Ergotherapie - Schluck - Stimm- und Sprechtherapie - Cues - Freezing

Keywords

Parkinson's disease - physiotherapy - occupational - swallowing - voice and speech therapy - cues - freezing

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