Neurobiologie der Zwangsstörung

Zusammenfassung

Die Konzeptualisierung der Zwangsstörung im Sinne einer Dysfunktion kortiko-striatothalamo- kortikalen Schleifen hat durch aktuelle bildgebende Befunde hinsichtlich der beteiligten Zentren, Neurotransmitter und Metaboliten wesentliche Impulse erhalten. Aufbauend auf Teil 1: Konzepte aus Pathophysiologie und Genetik (81) wird eine selektive Übersicht bildgebender Befunde zur Zwangsstörung vorgenommen, unter Berücksichtigung relevanter Befunde aus den kognitiven Neurowissenschaften und der Neuropsychologie. Längsschnittuntersuchungen im Verlauf psychotherapeutischer und pharmakotherapeutischer Interventionen, parallele Verwendung mehrerer bildgebender Methoden, Untersuchung gesunder Angehöriger und Trennung nach Symptomfaktoren der Störung gehören zu den neuen Entwicklungen.

Summary

The conceptualisation of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) as a dysfunctional state within cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loops is predominantly influenced by recent findings from neuroimaging, which allowed for probing brain regions, neurotransmitters and metabolites involved. Based on Part I: Concepts from pathophysiology and genetics (81) we present a selective review of findings from neuroimaging in OCD including related findings from cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology. Among the most recent approaches are longitudinal investigations performed concomitantly to psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy, the use of parallel imaging techniques, inclusion of healthy relatives and explicit separation of OCD symptom factors, respectively.

Schlüsselwörter

Zwang - Kognition - fMRT - Metabolismus - Neurotransmission

Keywords

OCD - cognition - fMRI - metabolism - neurotransmission

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