Insulärer Kortex und Sprachproduktion

Zusammenfassung

Klinische und funktionell-bildgebende Daten weisen darauf hin, dass die linke vordere Inselregion an prä-artikulatorischen Aspekten der Sprachproduktion wie der ,,Programmierung und Planung von Artikulationsbewegungen“ beteiligt ist. Um zwischen prä-artikulatorischen und artikulatorischen Störungen zu unterscheiden, wurde die Hirnaktivierung bei nichtlautierender und bei lautierender Sprachproduktion miteinander verglichen. Als Kontrollbedingung haben die Probanden sowohl lautierend als auch nichtlautierend eine Melodie wiedergegeben. Im Gegensatz zu den typischerweise beim Sprechen und Singen aktivierten Hirnarealen zeigt sich jedoch im Bereich des intrasylvischen Kortex eine hämodynamische Aktivierung ausschließlich bei Ausführung im lautierenden Modus. Darüber hinaus konnte eine ausgeprägte Lateralisierung mit Aktivierung der linken vorderen Insel bei Wiedergabe der Monatsnamen und der rechten vorderen Insel bei Wiedergabe der beschriebenen Melodie beobachtet werden.

Summary

Clinical and functional imaging data indicate that the left anterior insula has been assumed to support pre-articulatory functions of speech motor control such as the ‘‘programming’’ of vocal tract gestures. In order to further elucidate this model, we investigated both overt (aloud) and covert (silent) production of highly overlearned word strings (‘‘automatic speech’’), based on the suggestion that ‘‘inner speech’’ might provide a ‘‘window’’ into preparatory motor activities. As a control condition, subjects were asked to reproduce a non-lyrical tune. In contrast to hemodynamic responses within motor cortex and cerebellum, activation of the intrasylvian cortex turned out to be bound to overt task performance. Whereas (overt) speech tasks predominantly elicit activation within left anterior insula, reproduction of a non-lyrical tune yielded an opposite response pattern.

Schlüsselwörter

Funktionelle Kernspintomografie (fMRT) - zerebrale Organisation - Sprachproduktion - vordere Insel

Keywords

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) - cerebral organisation - speech production - anterior insula

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