Die Rolle der Hypocretine bei affektiven Störungen

Zusammenfassung

Die Polypeptide des lateralen Hypothalamus (LH), Hypocretine (Hcrt), besitzen bedeutsamen Einfluss auf die Schlaf-wach-Rhythmik, prolongierte Aufmerksamkeit und Wachheit, autonome Funktionen und die Energiehomöostase. Das Fehlen von Hcrt führt zur Narkolepsie, aber auch bei affektiven Störungen wird eine diskrete Veränderung des HcrtMetabolismus vermutet. Bei diesen weisen Schlafstörungen, Appetitstörungen sowie veränderte Vigilanzregulation ebenso wie anatomische Verbindungen zwischen dem LH und in der Depression dysregulierter Hypothalamus-Hypophysen-Nebennieren-Achse und dem Locus coeruleus auf einen Einfluss der Hcrt in affektiven Störungen hin. Dieser Übersichtsartikel stellt den derzeitigen Stand der Forschung zu Hcrt bei affektiven Störungen dar und gibt einen Ausblick auf den möglichen Einsatz Hcrt-regulierender Pharmaka in der klinischen Praxis.

Summary

Due to anatomical connections to regions affected in depression such as the locus coeruleus and the HPA-axis, sleep disturbances resembling narcolepsy and EEG findings of impaired vigilance regulation, possible involvement of hypocretins (hcrt) and hcrt-receptors have become a field of investigation in affective disorders.This review aims to focus on the most relevant studies in humans and animals investigating hcrt in affective disorders and endeavors to elucidate the perspectives of hcrt-related treatment of sleep disturbances. Studies point discretely but contradictory towards an impact of hcrt on depression. It becomes evident that first promising steps are made in neurobiological and pharmaceutical ways but further effort will be needed to confirm hitherto research and to integrate hcrtbased pharmaceuticals into clinical practice.

Schlüsselwörter

Hypocretin - Orexin - Depression - affektive Störungen - Vigilanz - Almorexant

Keywords

Hypocretin - orexine depression - affective disorders - vigilance - almorexant

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