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Nervenheilkunde 2011; 30(12): 992-996
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1628462
Neuroethik
Schattauer GmbH

Prävention antisozialen Verhaltens bei Kindern

Ethische Implikationen eines neurobiologischen AnsatzesPrevention of antisocial behavior in childrenEthical implications of a neurobiological approach
D. Horstkötter
1   Universität Maastricht, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Abteilung: Health, Ethics and Society, Niederlande und Centre for Society and Genomics, Nijmegen, Niederlande
,
R. Berghmans
1   Universität Maastricht, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Abteilung: Health, Ethics and Society, Niederlande und Centre for Society and Genomics, Nijmegen, Niederlande
,
G. de Wert
1   Universität Maastricht, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Abteilung: Health, Ethics and Society, Niederlande und Centre for Society and Genomics, Nijmegen, Niederlande
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Publication History

Eingegangen am: 31 June 2011

angenommen am: 24 August 2011

Publication Date:
22 January 2018 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Neurobiologische Erkenntnisse spielen in zunehmenden Maße eine Rolle für die Erklärung der Genese und des Verlaufes antisozialen Verhaltens und damit verbundener psychiatrischer Störungen. Dieser Beitrag untersucht proaktiv ethische Fragen der Anwendung neurobiologischer Ansätze bei der Prävention antisozialen Verhaltens bei Kindern. Die medizinethischen Prinzipien der informierten Einwilligung und des “best interest” liegen dieser Analyse zugrunde. Des Weiteren ist es wichtig, zwischen verschiedenen möglichen Zielgruppen zu differenzieren. Ethisch gesehen macht es einen wichtigen Unterschied, ob es bei Früherkennung und Prävention um asymptomatische Kinder mit einem erhöhten Risiko geht, um die Untertypierung von Kindern mit bestehenden Verhaltensproblemen oder um verhaltensgestörte Kinder deren Eltern einen Kinderpsychiater um Hilfe bitten. Letztendlich ist es von sekundärem Interesse, ob präventive Maßnahmen auf neurobiologischer oder psychologischer Forschung beruhen. Wichtiger ist es festzulegen, an wen sie sich richten und wie mit ihnen umgegangen wird.

Summary

Neurobiological insights are of increasing relevance for the explanation of the causes and the course of antisocial behavior and related mental disorders. This paper pro-actively discusses ethical questions that may arise if neurobiological approaches are applied for the prevention of antisocial behavior. By means of the ethical principles of informed consent and best interest it is investigated who and which interests have to be taken care of. Thereby, it is important to differentiate between different target groups. From an ethical point of view it may make a decisive difference whether early identification and prevention concern a-symptomatic children with an enhanced risk, the (sub)typing of children with relevant behavioral problems or children with a behavioral disorder whose parents consult a child psychiatrist. In the end, it is of secondary interest whether preventive measures are based on neurobiological or social and psychological research. It is more important to determine at whom they target and how they are dealt with.

Schlüsselwörter

Ethik - antisoziales Verhalten - Prävention - Kinder

Keywords

Ethics - antisocial behavior - prevention - children
 

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