Enterovirus- und Parechovirus-Infektionen im Neugeborenenalter

Zusammenfassung

Enteroviren (EV) und humane Parechoviren (HPeV) sind nahe Verwandte aus der Familie der Picornaviridae und verursachen meist asymptomatisch oder mild verlaufende Infektionen. In der Neugeborenenperiode können sie aber durchaus zu schweren Erkrankungen mit Sepsis-ähnlichem Bild, Meningitis, Myokarditis und Multiorganversagen führen. Eine spezifische Therapie oder Impfung ist bislang nicht möglich. Die schnelle Diagnostik mit molekulargenetischen Schnelltests ist wichtig, um unnötige antibiotische Therapien zu reduzieren und um frühzeitig Hygiene- und Isolationsmaßnahmen einzuleiten.

Summary

Enterovirus (EV) and human Parechovirus (HPeV) are closely related members of the Picornavirus family. In the majority of cases mild or asymptomatic infections can be found; however, in the neonatal period also severe sepsis-like disease, meningitis, myocarditis and multiorgan failure may occur. Until today neither specific therapy nor vaccination is available but early diagnosis is required to avoid unnecessary antibiotic therapy and to initial prevention strategies by appropriate hygiene management.

Schlüsselwörter

Enterovirus - Parechovirus - Picornavirus - Neugeborene

Keywords

Enterovirus - Parechovirus - Picornavirus - neonates

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