Basic Ideas and Principles for Quantifying Regional Blood Flow with Nuclear Medical Techniques

Summary

The measurement of blood flow in various organs and its visual presentation in parametric images is a major application in nuclear medicine. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the most important nuclear medicine procedures used to quantify regional blood flow. Starting with the first concepts introduced by Fick and later by Kety-Schmidt the basic principles of measuring global and regional cerebral blood are discussed and their relationships are explained. Different applications and modifications realized first in PET- and later in SPECT-studies of the brain and other organs are described. The permeability and the extraction of the different radiopharmaceuticals are considered. Finally some important instrumental implications are compared.

Zusammenfassung

Die Messung der Organdurchblutung und ihre bildliche Darstellung ist eine weitverbreitete nuklearmedizinische Anwendung. In dieser Arbeit werden die wichtigsten nuklearmedizinischen Verfahren zur Quantifizierung der Organdurchblutung aufgeführt. Ausgehend von den ersten Konzepten von Fick und später von Kety-Schmidt werden die grundlegenden Prinzipien zur Messung der gesamten und regionalen Hirndurchblutung erörtert und ihre wechselseitigen Beziehungen erklärt. Anschließend werden verschiedene hieraus folgende Anwendungen und Modifikationen beschrieben, die zunächst in der PET und später in der SPECT eingesetzt worden sind. Hierbei wird auch auf die Per-meabilitäts- und Extraktionseigenschaften der verschiedenen Radio-pharmaka eingegangen. Schließlich wird auf einige wichtige instrumenteile Aspekte hingewiesen.

Keywords

Blood flow - quantitation - tracer modelling - positron emission tomography - single-photon emission-computed tomography

Schlüsselwörter

Durchblutung - Quantifizierung - Indikatormodelle - Single-Photonen-Emissions-Computer-Tomographie - Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie

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