Biodegradable Metalle für osteologische Anwendungen

Zusammenfassung

In der Medizin beschäftigt sich die Osteologie im klinischen Feld zwischen Orthopädie und Endokrinologie mit dem physiologischen Aufbau der Knochen sowie den Prozessen des Knochenstoffwechsels – bzw. dessen Erkrankungen. Die in diesem klinischen Zusammenhang auftretenden Frakturen und notwendigen Osteotomien sollten möglichst mechanisch stabil versorgt sein und die Knochenheilung sollte möglichst gut gefördert werden. Hierfür stehen heute zahlreiche Implantate auf Metallbasis zur Verfügung. In diesem Zusammenhang stellt sich nun die Frage, ob es “osteologische” metallische Implantate gibt, die in den physiologischen Aufbau des Knochens eingreifen und die regenerativen Prozesse des Knochenstoffwechsels beeinflussen. In diesem Kontext werden abbaubare Implantate auf Metallbasis, die “biodegradablen Metalle”, besprochen und deren Wechselwirkung mit dem umliegenden Knochen und den Knochenstoffwechselprozessen diskutiert.

Summary

Clinical osteology is focussing on physiological and pathological processes in bone. In this context, bone fractures need special attention and require fast regeneration to protect the diseased patient. Special implants and drugs are available for these specific requirements. However, recently investigated biodegradable metal implants might combine both aspects by offering high initial mechanical support and the release of bioactive metal ions. The effect of these metal ions on the healing bone needs to be reviewed critically and can maybe therapeutically used. This review is briefly introducing the exciting field of biodegradable metals and discusses how the released metal ions are interacting with the surrounding bone.

Schlüsselwörter

Metalle - Knochen - Biomaterial - Biodegradation - Magnesium

Keywords

Metals - bone - biomaterial - biodegradation - magnesium

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