Sonographic Findings in Canine Common Calcaneal Tendon Injury

B. J. Rivers; P. A. Walter; B. Kramek; L. Wallace

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1632568

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Table of Contents

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 1997; 10(01): 45-53
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1632568

Clinical Report

Schattauer GmbH

Sonographic Findings in Canine Common Calcaneal Tendon Injury

B. J. Rivers

¹From the Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, USA

,

P. A. Walter

¹From the Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, USA

,

B. Kramek

¹From the Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, USA

,

L. Wallace

¹From the Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, USA

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Summary

Ultrasonography was prospectively evaluated as an ancillary diagnostic technique in canine common calcaneal injury in a series of six cases with surgical confirmation of the diagnosis. Preoperative sonographic examination localized the site of injury to the affected component of the common calcaneal tendon. Sonographic lesions consisted of focal disruption of normal tendon echotexture in all six cases, with slight to considerable enlargement of the affected tendon in five of the six cases. Sonographic examination detected the additional lesion of lateral displacement of the superficial digital flexor tendon in one case in which it was present. However, sonographic examination could not differentiate partial from complete tendon rupture.

Ultrasonography was prospectively evaluated as an ancillary diagnostic technique in six cases of canine common calcaneal tendon injury with surgical confirmation of the diagnosis. The technique was useful in preoperative localization of the site of injury within the tendon, but differentiation of partial versus complete tendon rupture was not possible.

Keywords

Common calcaneal tendon injury - ultrasonography

Full Text

References

REFERENCES
1 Blei CL, Nirschl RP, Grant EG. Achilles tendon: US diagnosis of pathologic conditions. Work in progress. Radiology 1986; 159: 765-7.
2 Bonneau NH, Olivieri M, Breton L. Avulsion of the gastrocnemius tendon in the dog causing flexion of the hock and digits. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1983; 19: 717-22.
3 Bouffard JA, Eyler WR, Introcasco JH, van Holsbeeck M. Sonography of tendons. Ultrasound Quart 1993; 11: 259-86.
4 Bruce RK, Hale TL, Gilbert SK. Ultrasonography evaluation for ruptured Achilles tendon. J Am Podiatry Assoc 1982; 72: 15-7.
5 Cheung Y, Rosenberg ZS, Magee T, Chinitz L. Normal anatomy and pathologic conditions of ankle tendons: current imaging techniques. RadioGraphics 1992; 12: 429-44.
6 Chhem RK, Kaplan PA, Dussault RG. Ultrasonography of the musculoskeletal system. Radiol Clin North Am 1994; 32: 275-89.
7 Dik KJ. Ultrasonography of the equine crus. Vet Radiol & Ultrasound 1993; 34: 28-34.
8 Dussualt RG, Kaplan PA, Roederer G. MR imaging of Achilles tendon in patients with familial hyperlipidemia: comparison with plain films, physical examination, and patients with traumatic tendon lesions. AJR 1995; 164: 403-7.
9 Dyson SJ. Gastrocnemius tendinitis. In: Equine Head and Hind Limb Medicine and Surgery. Proceedings of the 15th Bain- Fallon memorial lectures. Dyke TM. (ed). Artarmon: Australian Equine Veterinary Association; 1993: 63-6.
10 Farrow CS. Musculoskeletal system. In: Small Animal Ultrasound. Green RW. (ed). Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1996: 335-51.
11 Fornage BD. Achilles tendon: US examination. Radiology 1986; 159: 759-64.
12 Fornage BD. Ultrasonography of Muscles and Tendons. Examination Technique and Atlas of Normal Anatomy of the Extremities. New York: Springer-Verlag; 1989. 6 20-45.
13 Hermanson JW, Evans HE. The muscular system. In: Miller’s Anatomy of the Dog. 3rd ed.. Evans HE. (ed). Philadelphia: Saunders; 1993: 258-384.
14 Ingliss AE, Scott WN, Sculco TP, Patterson AH. Ruptures of the tendo Achillis. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1976; 58-A: 990-3.
15 Kainberger FM, Engel A, Barton P. et al. Injury of the Achilles tendon: diagnosis with sonography. AJR 1990; 155: 1031-6.
16 Kalebo P, Goksor L-A, Sward L, Peterson L. Soft-tissue radiography, computed tomography, and ultrasonography of partial Achilles tendon ruptures. Acta Radiologica 1990; 31: 565-70.
17 Kaplan PA, Matamoros A, Anderson JC. Sonography of the musculoskeletal system. AJR 1990; 155: 237-45.
18 Mathieseon JR, Connell DG, Cooperberg PL, Robertson Lloyd-Smith D. Sonography of the Achilles tendon and adjacent bursae. AJR 1988; 151: 127-31.
19 Mauterer JV, Prata RG, Carberry CA, Schrader SC. Displacement of the tendon of the superficial digital flexor muscle in dogs: 10 cases (1983-1991). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1993; 203: 1162-5.
20 O’Keefe D, Mamtora H. Ultrasound in clinical orthopaedics. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 1992; 74-B: 488-94.
21 Reinke JD, Kus SP. Achilles mechanism injury in the dog. Comp Cont Educ Pract Vet 1982; 4: 639-46.
22 Reinke JD, Mughannam AJ. Lateral luxation of the superficial digital flexor tendon in 12 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1993; 29: 303-9.
23 Reinke JD. Mughannam AJ, Owens JM. Avulsion of the gastrocnemius tendon in 11 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1993; 29: 410-8.
24 St Clair LE. Carnivore myology. In: Sisson and Grossman’s Anatomy of the Domestic Animals, vol 2. 5th ed.. Getty R. (ed). Philadelphia: Saunders; 1975: 1507-37.
25 van Holsbeeck M. Powell A. Ankle and foot. In: Musculoskeletal Ultrasound. Fornage BD. (ed). New York: Livingstone; 1995: 221-37.
26 Vaughan LC. Muscle and tendon injuries in dogs. J Small Anim Pract 1979; 20: 711-36.