Download PDF
Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2000; 13(02): 97-103
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1632638
Clinical Communication
Schattauer GmbH

Lumbosacral Degenerative Stenosis in the Dog

The Results of Dorsal Decompression with Dorsal Anulectomy and Nuclectomy
L. A. A. Janssens
1   Referral Practice for Companion Animals, Antwerpen, Belgium
,
Y. Moens
1   Referral Practice for Companion Animals, Antwerpen, Belgium
,
P. Coppens
1   Referral Practice for Companion Animals, Antwerpen, Belgium
,
Kathelijne Peremans
1   Referral Practice for Companion Animals, Antwerpen, Belgium
,
H. Vinck
1   Referral Practice for Companion Animals, Antwerpen, Belgium
› Author AffiliationsWe like to thank Lambert Leijssen from the Janssen Research Foundation for helping us with the figures and tables, Dr. Bjorn Meij from Utrecht University for reviewing the manuscript and for allowing us to use his inquiry form and Walter van den Brom for his statistical help.
Further Information

Publication History

Received 22 February 1999

Accepted 06 June 1999

Publication Date:
09 February 2018 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Summary

A total of thirtyfive dogs with a Hansen type two disc protrusion of the lumbosacral region were operated upon with a technique consisting of dorsal decompression, dorsal anulectomy and disc curettage. The presurgical signs existed for 14 months (mean) and 97% of the animals had been treated unsuccessfully with antiinflammatory drugs. The mean age at the time of surgery was 7,2 years and the mean weight 28 kg. Seventyone percent of the animals were males. A postsurgical questionnaire was mailed to the owners – mean 30 months – after surgery. The results of the surgery were such that 69% of the owners reported that their dog ameliorated after surgery of which 53% found their dog to be completely cured. Comparing the surgical results of this group with a comparable group of animals operated with a dorsal decompression technique alone (without anulectomy), and of which the owners were questioned with the same questionnaire, yielded identical clinical results. Our conclusion therefore is, that the more aggressive and invasive surgery which is neither suitable nor appropriate in that subgroup of patients with lumbosacral degenerative stenosis, plus a type II Hansen disc protrusion and without any, neurological deficit.

The results of the surgical treatment of Hansen type II disc protrusion are described. Owners reported that 69% of the patients improved following the operation and that 53% were cured.

Keywords

Canine lumbo-sacram - decompression
 

  • REFERENCES

  • 1 Annertz M. et al. No relationship between epidural fibrosis and sciatia in the lumbar postdicectomy syndroma. Spine 1995; 20: 449-53.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Berzon J, Dueland R. Cauda equina syndrome: pathophysiology and report of seven cases. J Am Anim Hosp Ass 1979; 15: 635-43.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Bodner D, Delamarter R, Bohlman H, Witcher M, Biro C, Resnick M. Urologic changes after cauda equina compression in dogs. J Uro l 1990; 143: 186-91.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Bogduk N. Spine update, Epidural Steroids. Spine 1995; 20: 845-8.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Brown M. Update on Chemonucleolysis. Spine 1996; 21: 62S-68S.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Chambers J. Optimal treatment for degenerative lumbosacral stenosis. Surgical exploration and excision of tissue. Vet Med Rep 1 1989; 248: 250-2.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Chambers J, Selcer R, Oliver J. Results of treatment of degenerative lumbosacral stenosis in dogs by exploration and excision. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 1988; 03: 130-3.
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Davies J. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbosacral spine. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of European College of Veterinary Surgeons. Versailles; June 1997: 129.
    Google Scholar
  • 9 Denny H, Gibbs C, Holt P. The diagnosis and treatment of cauda equin a lesions in the dog. J Small Anim Prac 1982; 23: 425-43.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Deyo R. Drug therapy for back pain. Spine 1996; 21: 2840-50.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Fehr M, Thiet W. Das Cauda-equina-Syndrom beim Deutschen Schaferhund. Kleintierpraxis 1990; 35 Helf 2: 49-56.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Fraser R, Sanhu A, Gogan W. Magnetic resonance imaging findings 10 years after treatment for lumbar disc herniation. Spine 1995; 20: 710-4.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Fritsch E, Heisel J, Rupp S. The failed back surgery syndrome. Spine 1996; 21: 626-33.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Haro H, Shinomiya Komori H, Okawa A, Saito I, Miyasaka N, Furuya K. Upregulated expression of chemokines in herniated nucleus pulposus resorption. Spine 1996; 21: 1647-52.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 He Y, Revel M, Loty B. A quantitive model of post laminectomy scar formation. Spine 1995; 20: 557-63.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Hinton J. et al. Inhibition of epidural scar formation after lumbar laminectomy in the rat. Spine 1995; 20: 564-70.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Hoerlein B. Intervertebral disk. In: Canine neurology. Philadelphia: Saunders WB. (ed) 1971.
    Google Scholar
  • 18 Kang J, Georgescu H, Myclntyre-Larkin L, Stefanovic-Racic M, Donoldson W, Evans C. Herniated lumbar intervertebral discs spontaneously produce matrix metalloproteinases, nitric oxide, interleukin-6, and prostaglanding E2. Spine 1996; 21: 271-7.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Kirberger R. Recent developments in canine lumbar myelography. Small Anim Orthoped 1994; 16: 847-51.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Kornberg M, Bichsel P, Lang J. Electromyographisch und spinal evozierte Potentiale beim Cauda -equina-Syndrom des Hundes. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd 1989; 131: 287-98.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Kornegay J, Barber D. Diskospondylitis in dogs. J Am Vet Med Ass 1980; 175: 337-46.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Leighton R. Surgical treatment of canine lumbosacral spondylopathy. Vet Med Small Anim Clin 1983; 78: 1853-6.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Moore R, Vernon-Robert B, Fraser R, Schrebri M. The origin and fate of herniated lumbar intervertebral disc tissue. Spine 1996; 21: 2149-55.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Morgan J, Bailey C. Cauda equina syndrome in the dog: radiographic eval uation. J Small Anim Prac 1990; 31: 69-77.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Nachemson A, Zdeblick T, O’Brein J. Lumbar disc disease with discogenic pain. Spine 1996; 21: 1835-8.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Ness MG. Degenerative lumbosacral stenosis in the dog: a review of 30 cases. J Small Anim Prac 1994; 35: 185-90.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Oliver J, Selcer R, Simpson S. Ca uda equin a compression from lumbosacral malarticulation and malformation in the dog. J Am Vet Med Ass 1978; 173: 207-14.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Olmarker K, Holm S, Rosenqvist A, Rydevik B. Experimental nerve root compression. A model of acute, graded compression of the porcine cauda equina and an analysis of neural and vascular anatomy. Spine 1991; 16: 61-71.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Olmarker K, Nordborg C, Larsson K, Rydevik B. Ultrastructural changes in spinal nerve roots induced by autologous nucleus pulposus. Spine 1996; 21: 411-4.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Palmer R, Chamber J. Canine lumbosacral diseases, part 1 anatomy, pathophysiology and clinical presentation. Comp Cont Ed Prac Vet 1991; 13: 61-9.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Parker A. Diff erentia l diagnoses of peripheral nerve diseases, part 5 cauda equina. Mod Vet Prac 1983; 64: 551-5.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Peck J, Merkley D, Greer M. Feasibility of sacral dorsal rhizotomy in small dogs: a procedure with potential for treatment of urinary tract complications in paralyzed dogs. Progress in Veterinary Neurology 1996; 07: 4552.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Peck J, Walter J, Merkley D, Greer M. Feasibility of implant driven micturation inn paraplegic dogs. Veterinary Surgery 1997; 26: 33-44.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Postacchini F. Spine update. Results of surgery compared with conservative management for lumbar disc herniations. Spine 1996; 21: 1383-7.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Robertson J, Huffmon G, Thomas L, Leffler C, Gunter B, White R. Prostaglandin production after experimental discectomy. Spine 1996; 21: 1731-6.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Saal J. Natural history and nonoperative treatment of lumbar disc hernation. Spine 1996; 21: 2S-9S.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Schulman AJ, Lippincott CL. Canine cauda equina syndrome. Comp Small Anim 1988; 10: 835-42.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Sisson AF, LeCouteur RA, Ingram JT, Park RD, Child G. Diagnosis of cauda equina abnormalities by using electromyography, discography, and epidurography in dogs. J Vet Int Med 1992; 06: 253-63.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Slocum B, Devine T. L7-Sl fixation-fusion for treatment of cauda equina compression in the dog. J Am Vet Med Ass 1986; 188: 31-5.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Snijdelaar SF, Trijssenaar AJ. Degeneratieve lumbosacrale stenose bij de hond. Thesis Utrecht University; The Netherlands: 1994
    Google Scholar
  • 41 Stolke D, Sollmann W, Seifert V. Intraand postoperative complications in lumbar disc surgery. Spine 1988; 14: 56-9.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 Takashashi H. et al. Inflammatory cytokines in the herniated disc of the lumbar spine. 1996; 21: 218-24.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 43 Takahashi H, Suguro T, Okazima Y, Motegi M, Okada Y, Kakiuchi T. Inflammatory cytokines in the herniated disc of the lumbar spine. Spine 1996; 21: 218-24.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 44 Tarvin G, Prata RG. Lumbosacral stenosis in dogs. J Am Vet Med Ass 1980; 177: 154-9.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 45 Watt PR. Degenerative lumbosacral stenosis in 18 dogs. J Small Anim Prac 1991; 32: 125-34.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 46 Weinstein S, Herring S, Derby R. Contemporary concepts in spine care epidural steroid injections. Spine 1995; 20: 1842-6.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 47 Wright J. Spondylosis deformans of the lumbosacral joint in dogs. J Small Anim Prac 1980; 21: 45-58.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar