PDF herunterladen
Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2002; 15(02): 78-84
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1632718
Original Research
Schattauer GmbH

In vitro comparison of the holding power of 1.2 mm, 1.5 mm, and 2.0 mm orthopaedic screws in canine radii

S. T. Kudnig
1   Department of Clinical Sciences and Animal Disease Surveillance Systems, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
,
R. B. Fitch
1   Department of Clinical Sciences and Animal Disease Surveillance Systems, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
,
G. E. Pluhar
1   Department of Clinical Sciences and Animal Disease Surveillance Systems, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
,
M. D. Salman
2   Center of Veterinary Epidemiology and Animal Disease Surveillance Systems, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
› InstitutsangabenThis study was supported by a grant from the Veterinary Orthopaedic Hohn-Johnson Research Award and donation of implants by OsteoMed Company.
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

Received 11. Mai 2001

Accepted 30. August 2001

Publikationsdatum:
07. Februar 2018 (online)

Auch verfügbar auf
    Lizenzen und Reprints

Summary

The holding power of miniscrews in canine bone has not been investigated. This report compares the holding power of four different miniscrew types. The screw types tested were: 1.2 mm self-tapping screws, 1.5 mm tapped screws, 2.0 mm self-tapping screws and 2.0 mm tapped screws. They were randomly allocated to canine radius screw sites and screw pull-out strength was determined using a Mechanical Testing System (MIS) machine. The 1.2 mm self-tapping screw had a significantly weaker holding power than the other three screw types. Based upon these findings, the use of the 1.2 mm self-tapping screw cannot be recommended for use in thick cortical bone. There were not any significant differences in holding power of the other three screw types. The performance of the 1.5 mm tapped screws, versus the 2.0 mm tapped screws, was comparable and suggests that the 1.5 mm tapped screw can provide adequate holding power in miniscrew applications. The results were consistent with a linear relationship between the external thread diameter and the holding power.

Hypothesis

The hypothesis of this study is that these are not any significant differences in the holding power of different miniscrews. We hypothesized that the effects of tapping prior to screw insertion, or using miniscrews of greater external thread diameter, would not provide any increase in the holding power of the screw.

Key words Canine - screws - miniscrews - holding power - screw pull-out
 

  • References

  • 1 Ansell RH, Scales JT. A study of some factors which affect the strength of screws and their insertion and holding power in bone. J Biomech 1968; 01: 279-302.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 2 Baumgart FW, Cordey J, Morikawa K. et al. AO/ASIF Self-tapping screws (STS). Injury 1993; 24 (01) S1-S17.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 3 Blikslager AT, Bowman KF, Abrams CF. et al. Holding power of orthopedic screws in the large metacarpal and metatarsal bones of calves. Am J Vet Res 1994; 55: 415-18.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 4 Boudrieau RJ, Kudisch M. Miniplate fixation for repair of mandibular and maxillary fractures in 15 dogs and 3 cats. Vet Surg 1996; 25: 277-91.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 5 Bruse S, Dee J, Prieur WD. Internal fixation with a veterinary cuttable plate in small animals. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 1989; 01: 40-6.
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 6 Chapman JR, Harrington RM, Lee KM. et al. Factors affecting the pullout strength of cancellous bone screws. J Biomech Eng 1996; 118 (03) 391-98.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 7 Collinge CA, Stern S, Cordes S. et al. Mechanical properties of small fragment screws. Clin Orthop 2000; 373: 277-84.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 8 DeCoster TA, Heetderks DB, Downey DJ. Optimizing bone screw pullout force. J Orthop Trauma 1990; 04 (02) 169-74.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 9 Edgerton BC, An KN, Morrey BF. Torsional strength reduction due to cortical defects in bone. J Orthop Res 1990; 08 (06) 851-55.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 10 Fitch RB, Kerwin SC, Scdrish SA. et al. Holding power of 3.5 mm versus 4.0 mm screw applications placed in stripped 2.7 mm screw sites. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 1998; 11: 146-51.
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 11 Fitch RB, Oliver JL, Hosgood G. et al. Fine morphological assessment of stripped screw sites in cortical bone. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 1999; 12: 20-5.
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 12 Gantous A, Phillips JH. The effects of varying pilot hole size on the holding power of miniscrews and microscrews. Plast Reconstr Surg 1995; 1165-69.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 13 Halvorson TL, Kelley LA, Thomas KA. et al. Effects of bone mineral density on pedicle screw fixation. Spine 1994; 21: 2415-20.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 14 Hearn TC, Schatzker J, Wolfson N. Extraction strength of cannulated cancellous bone screws. J Orthop Trauma 1993; 07 (02) 138-41.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 15 Hearn TC, Surowiak J, Schatzker J. Effects of tapping on the holding strength of cancellous bone screws. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 1992; 05: 10-2.
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 16 Hughes AN, Jordan BA. The mechanical properties of surgical bone screws and some aspects of insertion practice. Injury: British J Accident Surg 1972; 04: 25-38.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 17 Hunt CA, Litsky AS. Stabilization of canine pelvic osteotomies with AO/ASIF plates and screws. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 1988; 01: 52-7.
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 18 Johnson KA, Dee JF, Piermattei DL. Screw fixation of accessory carpal bone fractures in racing greyhounds: 12 cases (1981-1986). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1989; 194 (11) 1618-25.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 19 Kissel CG, McQuaid M, Blacklidge DK. The OsteoMed M3-XTM system: A new bone screw with applications in foot surgery. J Fool Ankle Surg 1995; 34 (05) 458-64.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 20 Klause SE, Gustafson SB, Blackketter DM. et al. Holding strength of 4.5 mm cortical screws in polymethylmethacrylate filled medullary cavities of canine bone. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 1992; 05: 109-13.
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 21 Koranyi E, Bowman CE, Knecht CD. et al. Holding power of orthopedic screws in bone. Clin Orthop 1970; 72: 283-6.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 22 Kuhn A, Mc Iff T, Cordey J. et al. Bone deformation by thread-cutting and thread-forming cortex screws. Injury 1995; (Suppl. 01) S-A12-20.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 23 Kuzma AB, Hunter B. A new technique for avian fracture repair using intramedullary polymethylmethacrylate and bone plate fixation. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1991; 27: 239-48.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 24 Larsen LJ, Roush JK, Mclaughlin RM. Bone plate fixation of distal radius and ulna fractures in small- and miniature-breed Dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1999; 35 (03) 243-50.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 25 Nunamaker DM, Perren SM. Force measurements in screw fixation. J Biomechan 1976; 09: 669-75.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 26 Pfieffer M, Gilbertson LG, Goel VK. et al. Effect of specimen fixation method on pullout tests of pedicle screws. Spine 1996; 21 (09) 1037-44.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 27 Phillips JH, Rahn BA. Comparison of compression and torque measurements of self-tapping and pretapped screws. Plast Reconstr Surg 1989; 83: 447-56.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 28 Rankin G, Kuschner SH, Orlando C. et al. A biomechanical evaluation of a cannulated compressive screw for use in fractures of the scaphoid. J Hand Surg 1991; 16A: 1002-10.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 29 Ruland CM, McAffee PC, Warden KE. et al. Triangulation of pedicular instrumentation. A biomechanical analysis. Spine 1991; 16 (06) S270-76.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 30 Sardinas JC, Kraus KH, Sisson RD. Comparison of the holding power of 3.5-mm cortical versus 4.0-mm cancellous orthopedic screws in the pelvis of immature dogs (cadavers). Am J Vet Res 1995; 56: 248-51.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 31 Schatzker J, Sanderson R, Murnaghan JP. The holding power of orthopedic screws in vivo. Clin Orthop 1975; 108: 115-26.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 32 Sell P, Collins M, Dove J. Pedicle screws: axial pull-out strength in the lumbar spine. Spine 1988; 13 (09) 1075-76.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 33 Stromsoe K, Kok WL, Hoiseth A. et al. Holding power of the 4.5 mm AO/ASIF cortex screw in cortical bone in relation to bone mineral. Injury 1993; 24 (10) 656-9.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 34 Texhammar R, Colton C. AO/AS1F Instruments and implants: A technical manual. New York: Springer Verlag; 1994
    Suche in Google Scholar
  • 35 Thompson JD, Benjamin JB, Szivek JA. Pullout strengths of cannulated and noncannulated cancellous bone screws. Clin Orthop 1997; 341: 241-49.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 36 Vangsness CT, Carter DR, Frankel VH. In vitro evaluation of the loosening characteristics of self-tapped and non-self-tapped cortical bone screws. Clin Orthop 1981; 157: 279-86.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 37 Vérez-Fraguela JL, Vives MAVallès. Maxillofacial surgery: maxillary osteosynthesis craneo-maxillofacial CMS-titanium plates. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2000; 13: 119-22.
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 38 von Werthern CI, Bernasconi CE. Application of the maxillofacial mini-plate compact 1.0 in the fracture repair of 12 cats/2 dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2000; 13: 92-6.
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 39 Waters DJ, Breur GJ, Tooms JP. Treatment of common forelimb fractures in miniature- and toy-breed dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1993; 29 (05) 442-48.
    PubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 40 Yovich JV, Turner AS, Smith FW. Holding power of orthopedic screws in equine third metacarpal and metatarsal bones. Part I. Foal bone. Vet Surg 1985; 14 (03) 221-29.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 41 Yovich JV, Turner AS, Smith FW. Holding power of orthopedic screws in equine third metacarpal and metatarsal bones. Part II. Adult Horse Bone. Vet Surg 1985; 14 (03) 230-34.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar
  • 42 Yovich JV, Turner AS, Smith FW. Holding power of orthopedic screws; comparison of self-tapped and pre-tapped screws in foal bones. Vet Surg 1986; 15 (01) 55-9.
    CrossrefPubMedSuche in Google Scholar