Zurück in die Gegenwart

Zusammenfassung

Aufgrund der hohen Rückfallwahrscheinlichkeit, die schon mit dem ersten Auftreten einer Depression gegeben ist, entwickelt sich die Störung häufig zu einem chronischen Leiden. Entsprechend wurden in den letzten Jahren Ansätze zur Prävention von Rückfällen entwickelt. Im vorliegenden Beitrag soll ein 8-wöchiges gruppentherapeutisches Rückfallpräventionsprogramm für Patienten mit mehr als drei depressiven Episoden in der Vergangenheit vorgestellt werden: Die Achtsamkeitsbasierte Kognitive Therapie. In diesem Programm sollen Patienten lernen, negative grüblerische Geisteszustände möglichst frühzeitig zu erkennen. Indem Patienten Achtsamkeit praktizieren, das heißt, indem sie sich bewusst dem Hier und Jetzt zuwenden, sollen sie lernen, aus den negativen Zuständen und Grübelprozessen auszusteigen. Die Behandlung basiert auf aktuellen Ergebnissen zum Rückfallgeschehen und hat sich in einer Reihe von Therapiestudien und Metaanalysen als wirksam zur Reduktion der Rückfallraten erwiesen.

Summary

Due to the high risk of relapse, which is already constituted by the first occurrence of a depressive episode, depression often evolves into a chronic condition of suffering. Therefore, approaches for the prevention of depressive relapses were developed within the past years. The present article presents an eight-week group program designed for patients with a history of at least three depressive episodes: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. In the course of the MBCT program, patients can gradually get aware of dysfunctional, ruminative states. By practising mindfulness, which means to be consciously and nonjudgmentally present and to experience all aspects of the here and now, patients can learn to detach from negative states and ruminative processes. The treatment is grounded on latest empirical findings regarding the processes that determine relapse. Empirical studies and meta-analyses have shown that MBCT is an effective approach to reduce the risk of relapse in patients with recurrent depression.

Schlüsselwörter

Achtsamkeit - Depression - Rückfallprävention

Keywords

Mindfulness - depression - relapse prevention

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