Summary
Objective To provide an overview of the state-of-the-art of closedloop systems in the field
of mechanical ventilation.
Methods This survey is reviewing the literature and proposes an overview of existing closed-loop
systems, in different areas of mechanical ventilation. It discusses the key points
that guided their development and addresses specific issues such as their performance
and penetration at the bedside.
Results Much research has been undertaken in the hope of improving patient-ventilator interaction
and shortening the weaning process. This led to the development of new modes of ventilation
and expert weaning systems that are starting to achieve a wider clinical audience.
Conclusion Intensive care unit personnel are facing increasing work load during care for patients
with severe, multi-system illness, using sophisticated equipments that generate high
information flows requiring quick processing. Mechanical ventilation is a good example
of a process that requires skilful and timely management of multiple parameters that
could be delegated to closed-loop systems. Availability of commercial offerings, validated
by randomized controlled trials in a well-defined set of clinical situations, is starting
to fulfill the promise of intelligent systems skillfully assisting caregivers at the
bedside.
Keywords
Mechanical ventilation - closed-loop - weaning - ICU
