Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1642560
Monoamine Oxidase and Other Mitochondrial Enzymes in Density Subpopulations of Human Platelets
Publication History
Received 01 June 1987
Accepted after revision 23 September 1987
Publication Date:
18 April 2018 (online)
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/10.1055-s-00035024/198801/lookinside/thumbnails/10-1055-s-0038-1642560-1.jpg)
Summary
Normal human platelets have been separated according to density on continuous Percoll gradients and the platelet distribution divided into five fractions containing approximately equal numbers of platelets. The mean volumes and protein contents of the platelets in each fraction were found to correlate positively with density while the protein concentration did not differ significantly between the fractions. Four mitochondrial enzymes (monoamine oxidase, glutamate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase and NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase) were assayed and their activities per unit volume were found to increase in a very similar monotonie fashion with platelet density. When MAO and GDH were assayed on the same set of density fractions the correlation between the two activities was very high (r = 0.94–1.00, p <0.001) and a similar close correlation was found between MAO and ICDH. The results support the hypothesis that high density platelets either have a higher concentration of mitochondria or have larger mitochondria than low density platelets.
-
References
- 1 Martin JF, Shaw T, Heggie J, Penington DG. Measurement of the density of human platelets and its relationship to volume. Br J Haematol 1983; 54: 337-352
- 2 Bolin RB, Cheney BA, Simpliciano OA, Smith DJ. Buoyant density of platelets stored at room temperature as platelet concentrates. J Lab Clin Med 1981; 98: 342-351
- 3 Van Oost B, van Hien-Hogg IH, Timmermans AP M, Sixma JJ. The effect of thrombin on the density distribution of blood platelets: Detection of activated platelets in the circulation. Blood 1983; 62: 433-438
- 4 Amorosi E, Garg SK, Karpatkin S. Heterogeneity of human platelets IV. Identification of a young platelet population with [75Se]-selenomethionine. Br J Haematol 1971; 21: 227-232
- 5 Corash L, Shafer B, Perlow M. Heterogeneity of human whole blood platelet subpopulations. II. Use of a subhuman primate model to analyse the relationship between density and platelet age. Blood 1978; 52: 726-734
- 6 Rand ML, Greenberg JP, Packham MA, Mustard JF. Density subpopulations of rabbit platelets: size, protein, and sialic acid content, and specific radioactivity changes following labelling with 35S-sulphate in vivo. Blood 1981; 57: 741-746
- 7 Mezzano D, Hwang K-L, Catalano P, Aster RH. Evidence that platelet buoyant density, but not size, correlates with platelet age in man. Am J Haematol 1981; 11: 61-76
- 8 Boneu B, Vigoni F, Boneu A, Caranobe C, Sie P. Further studies on the relationship between platelet buoyant density and platelet age. Am J Haematol 1982; 13: 239-246
- 9 Martin JF, Penington DG. The relationship between the age and density of circulating MCr labelled platelets in the sub-human primate. Thromb Res 1983; 30: 157-164
- 10 Savage B, Mc Fadden PR, Hanson SR, Harker LA. The relation of platelet density to platelet age: Survival of low- and high-density mIndium-labelled platelets in baboons. Blood 1986; 68: 386-393
- 11 Mezzano D, Aranda E, Foradori A, Rodriguez S, Lira P. Kinetics of platelet density subpopulations in splenectomised mongrel dogs. Am J Hematol 1984; 17: 373-382
- 12 Boneu B, Bugat R, Boneu A, Eche N, Sie P, Combes P-F. Exhausted platelets in patients with malignant solid tumours without evidence of active consumption coagulopathy. Europ. J. Cancer Clin Oncol 1984; 20: 899-903
- 13 Doery JC G, Hirsh J, Cooper I. Energy metabolism in human platelets: Interrelationship between glycolysis and oxidative metabolism. Blood 1970; 36: 159-168
- 14 Corash L, Costa JL, Shafer B, Danlon JA, Murphy D. Heterogeneity of human blood platelet subpopulations. III. Density-dependent differences in subcellular constituents. Blood 1984; 64: 185-193
- 15 Martin JF, Trowbridge EA. Theoretical requirements for the density separation of platelets with comparison of continuous and discontinuous gradients. Thromb Res 1982; 27: 513-522
- 16 Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 1951; 193: 265-275
- 17 Mann JJ, Thomas KM. Platelet monoamine oxidase activity in schizophrenia – relationship to disease, treatment, institutionalisation and outcome. Br J Psychiatry 1979; 134: 366-371
- 18 Smith L. Spectrophotometric assay of cytochrome C oxidase. In: Methods of Biochemical Analysis Vol II. Glick D. (ed.) 427-434 Interscience, NY: 1955
- 19 Errede B, Kamen MD, Hatefi Y. Preparation and properties of complex IV (ferrocytochrome c: oxvgen oxidoreductase EC 1.9.3.1). Meth Enzymol 1978; 53: 40-44
- 20 Schmidt E. Glutamate dehydrogenase UV-assay. In: Methods of Enzymatic Analysis Vol 2. Bergmeyer HU. (ed.) 650-656 Academic Press; NY: 1974
- 21 Duvoisin RC, Chokroverty S, Lepore F, Nichlas W. Glutamate dehydrogenase deficiency in patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophy. Neurology 1983; 33: 1322-1326
- 22 Wolfson SK, Williams-Ashman HG. Isocitric and 6-phosphogluconic dehydrogenases in human blood serum. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1957; 96: 231-234
- 23 Yadav RN S. Regulation of NAD- and NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase by throxine in the brain and liver of female rats of various ages. Biochem Med 1985; 33: 312-319
- 24 Rand ML, Packham MA, Mustard JF. Survival of density subpopulations of rabbit platelets: Use of 3lCr or 111-labelled platelets to measure survival of least dense and most dense platelets concurrently. Blood 1983; 61: 362-367
- 25 Holme S, Murphy S. Platelet storage at 22° C for transfusion: interrelationship of platelet density and size, medium pH, and viability after in vivo infusion. J Lab Clin Med 1983; 101: 161-174
- 26 Penington DG, Streatfield K, Roxburgh AE. Megakaryocytes and the heterogeneity of circulating platelets. Br J Haematol 1976; 34: 639-653
- 27 Ruggeri P. Monoamine oxidase activity assay in various human platelet populations. Bull Mol Biol Med 1979; 4: 266-273
- 28 Demisch L, Demisch K, Seiler N. Factors altering platelet monoamine oxidase. The influence of oral glucose intake. Metabolism 1979; 28: 144-150
- 29 Boneu B, Corberand J, Plante J, Bierme R. Evidence that platelet density and volume are not related to aging. Thromb Res 1977; 10: 475-486
- 30 Friedhoff AJ, Miller JC, Karpatkin S. Heterogeneity of human platelets. VII. Platelet monoamine oxidase activity in normals and patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura and reactive thrombocytosis: Its relationship to platelet protein density. Blood 1978; 51: 317-323
- 31 Mann JJ, Kaplan RD, Georgotas A, Friedman E, Branchey M, Gershon S. Monoamine oxidase activity and enzyme kinetics in three subpopulations of density-fractionated platelets in chronic paranoid schizophrenics. Psychopharmacology 1981; 74: 344-348
- 32 Shortman K. Physical procedures for the separation of animal cells. Annu Rev Biophys Bioeng 1972; 1: 93-130
- 33 Murphy DL, Costa JL, Shafer B, Corash L. Monoamine oxidase activity in different density gradient fractions of human platelets. Psychopharmacology 1978; 59: 193-197
- 34 Corash L, Tan H, Gralnick HR. Heterogeneity of human whole blood platelet subpopulations. I. Relationship between buoyant density, cell volume, and ultrastructure. Blood 1977; 49: 71-87
- 35 Schousboe I, Bro B, Schousboe A. Intramitochondrial localisation of the 4-aminobutyrate-2-oxoglutarate transaminase from ox brain. Biochem. J 1977; 162: 303-307
- 36 Soslau G. Cytochrome levels and activity in stored human platelets. Arch Biochem Biophys 1982; 215: 532-538
- 37 Bessman JD, Howard LC, Fritz RW, Denney RB, Abell CW. A simple non-radioisotopic assay of monoamine oxidase to determine platelet survival in thrombocytopenic subjects. Clin Res 1983; 31: 841A
- 38 Chamberlain KG, Tong M, Chiu E, Penington DG. The use of monoamine oxidase inhibition to estimate megakaryocyte-platelet regeneration time (MPRT). Thromb Res (in press)
- 39 Karpatkin S. Studies on human platelet glycolysis. Effect of glucose, cyanide, insulin, citrate, and agglutination and contraction on platelet glycolysis. J Clin Invest 1967; 46: 409-417