The Role of GTP-Binding Proteins in Platelet Activation

David R Manning; Lawrence F Brass

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1646426

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Table of Contents

Thromb Haemost 1991; 66(04): 393-399
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1646426

Review Article

Schattauer GmbH Stuttgart

The Role of GTP-Binding Proteins in Platelet Activation

David R Manning

¹The Department of Pharmacology of the University of Pennsylvania, USA

,

Lawrence F Brass

²The Department of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, USA

³The Department of Pathology of the University of Pennsylvania, USA

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

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Summary

Platelet activation begins with the binding of an agonist to the cell surface and culminates in the events of platelet aggregation, secretion and clot formation. Recent studies have identified two large families of GTP-binding proteins in platelets that are thought to participate in the events of platelet activation. The first of these are the G proteins, heterotrimeric proteins which are best known for their ability to mediate the interaction between agonist receptors and intracellular enzymes such as adenylyl cyclase, phospholipase C and phospholipase A₂. To date, at least six G proteins have been identified in platelets: G_s, G_z, three variants of G_i and either G_q or G₁₁ (or both). An additional, pertussis toxinresistant G protein, G_q, may also be present. The second group of GTP-binding proteins present in platelets is substantially smaller than the heterotrimeric G proteins, ranging in size from 21 to 28 kDa. At least 15 such low molecular weight GTP-binding proteins have been identified in platelets, many of which are homologous to the products of the ras proto-oncogenes. In cells other than platelets, low molecular weight GTP-binding proteins have been implicated in protein transport, cell activation events and malignant transformation. Their role in platelets is unknown.

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References

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