Influence of Moderate and Strenuous Daily Physical Activity on Fibrinolytic Activity of Blood: Possibility of Plasminogen Activator Stores Depletion

Summary

Fibrinolysis was studied in 10 alpinists during regular physical activity of different intensity. Blood was sampled at rest and after exposure to submaximal workload on the treadmill on three occasions: before and after 6 months physical conditioning (moderate physical activity), and after 6 weeks of an alpinistic expedition (strenuous physical activity). Measurements included submaximal working capacity, fibrinogen, euglobulin clot lysis time (ELT), whole plasma clot lysis time, and estimations derived from ELT - percent increase in fibrinolytic activity after exercise (RFS), and absolute increase in fibrinolytic activity after exercise (PAR).

Regular moderate activity increased the resting level of ELT, but strenuous activity decreased is. After each treadmill testing, a marked increase in fibrinolytic activity was observed. RFS was unaltered at all three testings. PAR increased after moderate activity, but decreased after strenuous activity.

The results indicate that regular physical activity can lead from enhanced to decreased resting activity of plasminogen activator in blood. It is presumed that increased release of activator during prolonged stress causes partial depletion of endothelial stores with the consequence of decreased activator activity in the blood.

• References

• 1 Åberg M, Nilsson IM. 1975. Fibrinolytic response to venous occlusion and vasopressin in health and thrombotic disease. In: Davidson JF, Samama MM, Desnoyers PC. (eds.) Progress in Chemical Fibrinolysis and Thrombolysis.1 Raven Press; New York: p 121
• 2 Accetto B, Keber D, Stegnar M. 1977; Influence of short-term physical stress and 3-week physical training program in patients with postmyocardial infarction on fibrinolytic activity of blood. Cardiology 62: 108
• 3 Biggs R, Macfarlane RG, Pilling J. 1947; Observations on fibrinolysis: experimental activity produced by exercise or adrenaline. Lancet 1: 402
• 4 Bowie EJ W, Thompson JH, Didisheim P. 1971. Laboratory Manual of Hemostasis. W.B.Saunders; Philadelphia: p 95
• 5 Browse NL, Gray L, Jarrett PE M, Morland M. 1977; Blood and vein-wall fibrinolytic activity in health and vascular disease. British Medical Journal 1: 478
• 6 Buckell M. 1959; The effect of citrate on euglobulin methods of estimating fibrinolytic activity. Journal of Clinical Pathology 11: 403
• 7 Cash JD, Allan GE. 1967; The fibrinolytic response to moderate exercise and intravenous adrenaline in the same subjects. British Journal of Haematology 13: 376
• 8 Constantini R, Hilbe G, Spotl F, Holzknecht F. 1972; Plasminogen activator content of the arterial wall in occlusive arterial diseases. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 27: 649
• 9 Das PC, Allan AG E, Woodfield DG, Cash JD. 1967; Fibrin degradation products in sera of normal subjects. British Medical Journal 4: 718
• 10 Davis GL, Abildgaard CF, Bernauer EM, Britton M. 1976; Fibrinolytic and hemostatic changes during and after maximal exercise in males. Journal of Applied Physiology 40: 287
• 11 Ferguson EW, Guest MM. 1974; Exercise, physical conditioning, blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 31: 63
• 12 Fox III SM. 1973. Relationship of activity habits to coronary heart disease. In: Naughton JP, Hellerstein HK. (eds.) Exercise Testing and Exercise Training in Coronary Heart Disease. Academic Press; New York: p. 3
• 13 Goldrick RB. 1960; Fibrinolysis, blood clotting, serum lipids and body build in natives of New Guinea and Australians. Australian Annals of Medicine 9: 20
• 14 Hawkey CM, Britton BJ, Wood WG, Peele M, Irving MH. 1975; Changes in blood catecholamine levels and blood coagulation and fibrinolytic activity in response to graded exercise in man. British Journal of Haematology 29: 377
• 15 Innes D, Sevitt S. 1964; Coagulation and fibrinolysis in injured patients. Journal of Clinical Pathology 17: 1
• 16 Isacson S, Nilsson IM. 1972; Defective fibrinolysis in blood and vein walls in recurrent "idiopathic” venous thrombosis. Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica 138: 313
• 17 Karp JE, Bell WR. 1974; Fibrinogen-fibrin degradation products and fibrinolysis following exercise in humans. American Journal of Patholgy 227: 1212
• 18 Korsan-Bengtsen K, Stenberg J, Sjӧstrӧm L, Bjӧrntorp P, Sullivan L. 1972; Blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and platelet function in obese subjects at rest and after maximal exercise. Thrombosis Research 1: 389
• 19 Korsan-Bengtsen K, Wilhelmsen L, Tibblin G. 1973; Blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in relation to degree of physical activity during work and leisure time. Acta Medica Scandinavica 193: 73
• 20 Mandalaki T, Dessypris A, Louizou C, Bossinakou I, Panayotopoulou C, Antonopoulou A. 1977; Marathon run I: Effects on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 37: 444
• 21 Menon IS, Madras MB, Burke F, Dewar HA. 1967; Effect of strenous and graded exercise on fibrinolytic activity. Lancet 1: 700
• 22 Moxley RT, Brakman P, Astrup T. 1970; Resting levels of fibrinolysis in blood in inactive and exercising men. Journal of Applied Physiology 28: 549
• 23 Nilsson IM, Pandolfi M. 1970; Fibrinolytic response of the vascular wall. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhaigca Suppl. 40: 231
• 24 Noordhoek Hegt V. 1976; Distribution and variation of fibrinolytic activity in the walls of human arteries and veins. Haemostasis 5: 355
• 25 Onoyama K, Tanaka K. Fibrinolytic activity of the arterial walls. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 21: 1
• 26 Robertson BR, Pandolfi M, Nilsson IM. 1972; "Fibrinolytic capacity” in healthy volunteers as estimated from effect of venous occlusions of the arms. Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica 138: 429
• 27 Sherry S, Lindemeyer RI, Fletcher AP, Alkjaersig N. 1959; Studies on enhanced fibrinolytic activity in man. Journal of Clinical Investigation 38: 810
• 28 Snedecor GW, Cochran WG. 1972. Statistical Methods. Ames University Press; Ames:
• 29 Todd AS. 1959; The histological localisation of fibrinolysin activator: Journal of Pathology. 78: 281
• 30 Verstraete M. 1975. The place of long-term stimulation of the endogenous fibrinolytic system: present achievements and clinical perspectives. In: Davidson JF, Samama MM, Desnoyers PC. (eds.) Progress in Chemical Fibrinolysis and Thrombolysis.1. Raven Press; New York: p 289
• 31 Winckelmann G, Meyer G, Roskamm H. 1968; Der EinfluB korperlicher Belastung auf Blutgerinnung und Fibrinolyse bei untrainierten Personen und Hochleistungssportlern. Klinische Wochenschrift 46: 112
• 32 Winther O. 1966; Exercise and blood fibrinolysis. Lancet 2: 1195