Download PDF
Thromb Haemost 1973; 29(02): 408-415
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1647781
Original Article
Schattauer GmbH

Sensitive Methods for the Detection and Characterization of Platelet Isoantibodies

Richard J. Hirschman
1   Hematology Service, Clinical Pathology Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland and the Hematology and Supportive Care Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
,
Ronald A. Yankee   *
1   Hematology Service, Clinical Pathology Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland and the Hematology and Supportive Care Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
,
Barry S. Coller
1   Hematology Service, Clinical Pathology Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland and the Hematology and Supportive Care Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
,
Harvey R. Gralnick
1   Hematology Service, Clinical Pathology Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland and the Hematology and Supportive Care Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received 21 March 1973

Publication Date:
24 July 2018 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Summary

Two sensitive methods for the detection and characterization of platelet isoantibodies are presented in this paper. The methods involve incubating platelets with either radioactive serotonin or adenine, interaction of the platelets with serum antibody and finally detection of supernatant radioactivity. Both tests can be used for HL-A typing of platelets and both tests detect antibodies undetectable by complement fixation. The requirement of a heat labile serum component is variable in the serotonin test but absolute in the adenine test. Antibody activity was found to be in the 7S gamma globulin fraction on DEAE cellulose column chromatography.

* Current address: Children's Cancer R esearch Foundation, Boston, Massachusetts.


 

  • References

  • 1 Aster R, Enright S.E. 1969; A platelet and granulocyte membrane defect in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: usefulness for the detection of platelet antibodies. Journal of Clinical Investigation 48: 1199.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 2 Aster R. H, Levin R. H, Cooper H. 1964; Complement fixing platelet iso-antibodies in serum of transfused persons. Correlation of antibodies with platelet survival in thrombocytopenic patients. Transfusion 04: 428.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 3 Bridges J. M, Baldini M, Fechera C, Dameshek W. 1963; Effect of anti-platelet antibodies on the in vitro uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine by blood platelets. Nature 197: 364.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 4 Colombani M, Colombani J, Dehay C, Dausset J. 1970. A microtechnique of platelet complement fixation. Results obtained with sera and eluates as the source of antibody. In: Histocompatibility Testing 1970. The Williams and Wilkins Company; Baltimore: 553.
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 5 Freireich E. J. 1966; Effectiveness of platelet transfusion in leukemia and aplastic anemia. Transfusion 06: 50.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 6 Gockermann J. R, Bowman R. P, Conrad M. E. 1972; A simple method for platelet typing for use in platelet transfusion in alloimmunized patients. Blood 40: 972.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 7 Grumet CarlF, Yankee R. A. 1970; Long term platelet support of patients with aplastic anemia. Effect of splenectomy and steroid therapy. Annals of Internal Medicine 73: 1.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 8 Hirschman R. J, Shulman N. R. 1972 Utilization of the platelet release reaction to measure ITP factor and platelet antibodies. Transactions of the Association of American Physicians. (In press)
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 9 Hirschman R. J, Shulman N. R. 1972 Utilization of the platelet release reaction to measure ITP factor and platelet antibodies. Transactions of the Association of American Physicians. (In press)
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 10 Holmsen H, Rozenberg M. C. 1968; Adenine nucleotide metabolism of blood platelets. Ill Adenine phosphoribosyl transferase and nucleotide formation from exogenous adenine. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 157: 266.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 11 Holmsen H, Day H. J, Setkowsky C. A. 1972; Behavior of adenine nucleotides during the platelet release reaction induced by adenosine diphosphate and adrenaline. Biochemical Journal 129: 67.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 12 Holmsen H, Weiss H. J. 1972; Behaviour of adenine nucleotides during the platelet release reaction induced by adenosine diphosphate and adrenaline. Biochemical Journal 129: 67.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 13 Holmsen H, Weiss H. J. 1972; Further evidence for a deficient storage pool of adenine nucleotides in platelets from some patients with Thrombocytopathia — “Storage Pool Disease”. Blood 39: 197.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 14 Karpatkin S, Siskind G. W. 1969; In vitro detection of platelet antibody in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and systemic lupus erythematosus. Blood 33: 795.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 15 Mittal K. M, Mickey M. R, Sengal D. P, Terasaki P. I. 1968; Serotyping for homotransplantation XVIII. Refinement of microdroplet lymphocyte cytotoxicity test. Transplantation 06: 913.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 16 Mittal K. M, Mickey M. R, Terasaki P. I. 1971; Heterogeneity of HL-A specificities shown by platelet complement fixation. Tissue Antigens 01: 279.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 17 Mittal K. M, Terasaki P. I. 1972; Cross-reactivity in the HL-A system. Tissue Antigens 02: 94.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 18 Mtteller-Eckhardt C, Ltischer E.F. 1968; Immune reactions of human blood platelets. Thrombosis et Diatheses Haemorrhagica 20: 155.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 19 Peterson E. A, Sober H. A. 1966. Chromatography of the plasma proteins. In: The Plasma Proteins I, F. W. Putman. Ed. Academic Press; New York, N. Y: 105.
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 20 Rossi E. C. 1972; The effect of albumin upon the loss of enzymes from washed platelets. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 79: 240.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 21 Shulman N. R. 1966; Immunological considerations attending platelet transfusion. Transfusion 06: 39.
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 22 Shulman N. R, Marder V. J, Hiller M. C, Collier E. M. 1964. Platelet and leukocyte isoantigens and their antibodies ; serologic, physiologic and clinical studies. In: Brown E. G, Moore C. V. (Eds.) Progress in Hematology. Vol 4 Grune and Stratton; New York.:
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 23 Thorsby E, Helgesen A, Gjemdal T. 1972; Repeated platelet transfusions from HL-A compatible unrelated and sibling donors. Tissue Antigens 02: 397.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 24 Yankee R. A, Grumet F. C, Rogentine G. N. 1969; Platelet transfusion therapy. The selection of compatible platelet donors for refractory patients by lymphocyte HL-A typing. New England Journal of Medicine 281: 1208.
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar