Evaluación de la función sexual en pacientes con obesidad, antes y después de la cirugía bariátrica

Resumen

Introducción La obesidad afecta diversos aspectos físicos, psicológicos y sociales. Recientemente se ha comenzado a estudiar su relación con la función sexual y el efecto de las intervenciones dirigidas a reducir el peso.

Objetivo Describir los cambios inducidos por la cirugía bariátrica en la función sexual en un grupo de pacientes obesos.

Métodos Estudio observacional prospectivo de pacientes con obesidad mórbida, intervenidos con cirugía bariátrica. Se evaluó la función sexual en hombres con el cuestionario abreviado de función sexual (SHIM) y la encuesta de autoestima y relaciones (SEAR), y en mujeres con el Índice de función sexual femenina (IFSF). La calidad de vida se evaluó con el cuestionario SF-12. Se utilizaron pruebas estadísticas no paramétricas.

Resultados Se incluyeron 19 pacientes, 13 mujeres con un promedio de edad de 45,3 años (22–59) y 6 hombres con un promedio de 41 años (36–54). El seguimiento promedio fue de 19 meses (13,1–25,9). Para el IFSF, todos los dominios demostraron mejoría, aunque la variable deseo fue la única en la que se obtuvo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p = 0.027). Los puntajes obtenidos con la escala SHIM, demuestran disminución en la severidad de la disfunción eréctil de 16,8 (8–21) a 22,16 (18–25) (p = 0,059). En calidad de vida, tanto mujeres como hombres reportaron un incremento estadísticamente significativo (p = 0.036 y p = 0.002, respectivamente).

Conclusiones La cirugía bariátrica tiene un impacto altamente favorable en la calidad de vida y cambios positivos en todos los dominios de la función sexual de hombres y mujeres. Es posible que esos cambios se vean influidos por variables físicas y psicosociales que deben medirse con investigaciones futuras.

Abstract

Introduction Obesity affects physical, psychological and social aspects. Recently, researchers have begun to study the relationship between sexual function and the effect of interventions aimed at reducing weight.

Objective To describe the changes induced by bariatric surgery in sexual function in a group of obese patients.

Methods Prospective observational study of patients with morbid obesity and bariatric surgery. Sexual function was evaluated in men with the abbreviated sexual health inventory for men questionnaire (SHIM) and the self-esteem and relationship questionnaire (SEAR), and in women with the Female Sexual Function Index (IFSF). Quality of life with the SF-12 questionnaire. Nonparametric statistical tests were used.

Results 19 patients were included. 13 women with an average age of 45.3 years (22–59) and 6 men with an average of 41 years (36–54). The average follow-up was 19 months (13.1–25.9). For IFSF, all the domains showed improvement, although desire variable was the only one with statistically significant difference (p = 0.027). The scores obtained with the SHIM scale show a decrease in the severity of erectile dysfunction from 16.8 (8–21) to 22.16 (18–25) (p = 0.059). In quality of life, women and men reported a statistically significant increase (p = 0.036 and p = 0.002, respectively).

Conclusions Bariatric surgery has a highly favorable impact on quality of life and positive changes in all domains of sexual function of men and women. It is possible that these changes are influenced by physical and psychosocial variables that should be measured with future research.

Palabras Clave

calidad de vida - obesidad - disfunción sexual

Keywords

quality of life - obesity - sexual dysfunction

Responsabilidades Éticas

Los procedimientos seguidos en esta investigación, están conforme a las normas éticas del comité de experimentación humana responsable (institucional o regional), y de acuerdo con la Asociación Médica Mundial y la Declaración de Helsinki.

Así mismo, los autores confirman no haber recibido financiación para dicha investigación y no tener conflicto de intereses.

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