A Sequential Study of Plasma Histidine-Rich Glycoprotein and Plasminogen in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Deep Vein Thrombosis

Summary

In a prospective study of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), detected by the Tc-plasmin test, in 34 patients with acute myocardial infarction sequential determinations were made in plasma by immunologic methods of histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) and total plasminogen and the concentrations of free plasminogen calculated. Mean plasma HRG concentrations were consistently higher in the group of patients, in which Tc-plasmin scanning had revealed the existence of DVT. The effect of HRG caused the level of free plasminogen to be only 50–60% of the level of total plasminogen. Fluctuations of HRG caused only minor changes in free plasminogen concentrations. Our data suggest that HRG acts as a weak, negative acute phase reactant.

Key Words

Histidine-rich glycoprotein - Plasminogen - Free plasminogen - Myocardial infarction - Deep vein thrombosis - ^99mTc-plasmin scanning

• References

• 1 Jespersen J, Gram J, Christensen L, Astrup T. Detection of deep vein thrombosis following myocardial infarction by the technetium-99m- plasmin test. Nucl Med Commun 1983; 4: 194-203
• 2 Murray TS, Lorimer AR, Cox FC, Lawrie TD V. Leg-vein thrombosis following myocardial infarction. Lancet 1970; 2: 792-793
• 3 Maurer BJ, Wray R, Schillingford JP. Frequency of venous thrombosis after myocardial infarction. Lancet 1971; 2: 1385-1387
• 4 Nicolaides AN, Kakkar VV, Renney JT Q, Kinder PH, Hutchison DC S, Clarke MB. Myocardial infarction and deep-vein thrombosis. Br Med J 1971; 1: 432-434
• 5 Astrup T, Jespersen J. Thrombosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and the dynamic haemostatic balance. Aspects of prophylaxis and treatment. Inter Angio (in press).
• 6 Nilsson IM. Phenformin and ethylestrenol in recurrent venous thrombosis. In: Progress in chemical fibrinolysis and thrombosis. Davidson JF, Samama MM, Desnoyers PC. eds Raven Press; New York: 1975. pp 1-12
• 7 Heimburger N, Haupt H, Kranz T, Bauder S. Humanserumproteine mit hoher Affinität zu Carboxymethylcellulose. II. Physikalischchemische und immunologische Charakterisierung eines histidine- reichen 3.8 S-α₂-Glycoproteins (CM-protein I). Hoppe-Seyler’s Z Physiol Chem 1972; 353: 1133-1140
• 8 Lijnen HR, Hoylaerts M, Collen D. Isolation and characterization of human plasma protein with affinity for lysine binding sites in plasminogen. J Biol Chem 1980; 225: 10214-10222
• 9 Persson RB, Darte L. Labeling plasmin with technetium-99m for scintigraphic localization of thrombi. Int J Appl Radiat Isot 1977; 28: 97-104
• 10 Olsson CG, Albrechtsson U, Darte L, Persson RB R. Tc-99m-plasmin for rapid detection of deep vein thrombosis. Nucl Med Commun 1982; 3: 41-52
• 11 Mancini G, Carbonara AO, Heremans JF. Immunochemical quantitation of antigens by single radial immunodiffusion. Immunochemistry 1965; 2: 235-240
• 12 Jespersen J, Kluft C. Decreased levels of histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) and increased levels of free plasminogen in women on oral contraceptives low in estrogen. Thromb Haemostas 1982; 48: 283-285
• 13 Rákóczi I, Wiman B, Collen D. On the biological significance of the specific interaction between fibrin, plasminogen and antiplasmin. Biochim Biophys Acta 1978; 540: 295-300
• 14 Aoki N, Moroi M, Tachiya K. Effects of α₂-plasmin inhibitor on fibrin clot lysis. Its comparison with α₂-macroglobulin Thromb Haemostas 1978; 39: 22-31
• 15 Kluft C, Los N. Demonstration of two forms of α₂-antiplasmin in plasma by modified crossed immunoelectrophoresis. Thromb Res 1981; 21: 65-71
• 16 Hoylaerts M, Rijken DC, Lijnen HR, Collen D. Kinetics of the activation of plasminogen by human tissue plasminogen activator. J Biol Chem 1982; 257: 2912-2919
• 17 Neumeier D, Prellwitz W, Knedel M. Infarct size estimation from serial analyses of creatine kinase and isoenzyme activity. In: Lang H. (ed.) Creatine Kinase Isoenzymes. Pathophysiology and Clinical Application Springer-Verlag; New York: 1981. pp 155-156
• 18 Morgan WT, Koskelo P, Koenig H, Conway TP. Human histidine- rich glycoprotein. II. Serum levels in adults, pregnant women and neonates. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1978; 158: 647-651
• 19 Jespersen J, Kluft C. Individual levels of plasma histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) during the normal menstrual cycle and in women on oral contraceptives low in oestrogen. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1982; 42: 563-566
• 20 Lijnen HR, Jacobs G, Collen D. Histidine-rich glycoprotein in a normal and a clinical population. Thromb Res 1981; 22: 519-523
• 21 Saito H, Goodnough LT, Boyle JM, Heimburger N. Reduced histidine-rich glycoprotein levels in plasma of patients with advanced liver cirrhosis. JAMA 1982; 73: 179-182
• 22 Jespersen J. Sequential study of plasma euglobulipn fibrinolytic activity during the normal menstrual cycle and in women on oral contraceptives low in estrogen. Gynecol Obstet Invest 1983; 15: 266-274
• 23 Jespersen J, Sidelmann J. Individual levels of plasma α₂-antiplasmin and α₂-macroglobulin during the normal menstrual cycle and in women on oral contraceptives low in oestrogen. Thromb Haemostas 1983; 50: 581-585
• 24 Van Oss CJ, Bronson PM, Border JR. Changes in the serum alpha glycoprotein distribution in trauma patients. J Trauma 1975; 15: 451-455
• 25 Lebreton JP, Joisel F, Raoult JP, Lannuzel B, Rogez JP, Humbert G. Serum concentration of human alpha₂HS glycoprotein during the inflammatory process. J Clin Invest 1979; 64: 1118-1129
• 26 Lijnen HR, DeCock F, Collen D. Turnover of human histidine-rich glycoprotein in healthy subjects and during thrombolytic therapy. Thromb Res 1981; 23: 121-131