Platelet Survival in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Summary

Platelet survival in diabetes mellitus may be decreased or normal, and it is not clear whether altered platelet survival is due to a platelet or to a non-platelet defect. Therefore, platelet survival studies were performed at intervals up to 28 days in streptozotocin-induced diabetic and normal rats, using washed platelets from diabetic or normal animals.

When compared to platelets from control rats, there was a significant decrease in platelet survival when platelets from 7 and 14 day diabetic rats were injected into normal controls or into diabetic rats.

After 28 days of diabetes, platelet survival in diabetic rats was significantly lengthened, whether the platelets came from control or diabetic rats.

Conclusions. (1) Shortened platelet survival in the diabetic rat is caused initially by a platelet defect. Later, non-platelet factors become dominant. (2) These findings may help explain reported discrepancies in results of platelet survival in diabetes mellitus.

Keywords

Platelet survival - Diabetes mellitus - Rats

• References

• 1 Colwell JA, Lopes-Virella M, Halushka PV. Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 1981; 4: 121-133
• 2 Bern MM. Platelet function in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 1978; 27: 342-350
• 3 Abrahamsen AF. Platelet survival studies in man: With special reference to thrombosis and atherosclerosis. Scand J Haematol 1968; Suppl 3: 7-53
• 4 Jones RL, Paradise C, Peterson CM. Platelet survival in patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 1981; 30: 486-489
• 5 Dassin E, Najean Y, Poirier O, Passa Ph, Bensoussan D. In vivo platelet kinetics in 31 diabetic patients. Correlation with the degree of vascular impairment Thromb Haemostas 1978; 40: 83-88
• 6 Ferguson JC, Mackay N, Philip JA, Summer DJ. Determination of platelet and fibrinogen half-life with [⁷⁵-Se]-selenomethionine: Studies in normal and in diabetic subjects. Clin Sci Mol Med 1975; 49: 115-120
• 7 Paton RC. Platelet survival in diabetes mellitus using an aspirinlabelling technique. Thromb Res 1979; 15: 793-802
• 8 Kazmier FJ, Fuster V, Chesebro JH, O’Fallon WM, Palumbo PJ. Platelet survival half-life (PS) in atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus. Circulation 1979; 59 and 60 Suppl (Suppl. 02) 270
• 9 Johnson M, Harrison HE, Hawker L. Platelet abnormalities in experimental diabetes. Thromb Haemostas 1979; 42: 333 (Abstr.)
• 10 Colwell JA, Sagel J, Crook L, Chambers A, Laimins m. Correlation of platelet aggregation, plasma factor activity and megathrombocytes in diabetic subjects with and without vascular disease. Metabolism 1977; 26: 279-285
• 11 Garg SK, Lackner H, Karpatkin S. The increased percentage of megathrombocytes in various clinical disorders. Ann Intern Med 1972; 77: 361-369
• 12 Karpatkin S. Biochemical and clinical aspects of megathrombocytes. Ann NY Acad Sci 1972; 201: 262-279
• 13 Karpatkin S. Heterogeneity of human platelets. II Functional evidence suggestive of young and old platelets. J Clin Invest 1969; 48: 1083-1087
• 14 Hirsh J, Glynn MF, Mustard JF. The effect of platelet age on platelet adherence to collagen. J Clin Invest 1968; 47: 466-473
• 15 Aster RH, Jandl JH. Platelet sequestration in man. I. Methods. J Clin Invest 1964; 43: 843-855
• 16 Ardlie NG, Packham MA, Mustard JF. Adenosine diphosphate- induced platelet aggregation in suspensions of washed rabbit platelets. Br J Haematol 1970; 19: 7-17
• 17 Brecher G, Cronkite EP. Morphology and enumeration of human blood platelets. J Appl Physiol 1950; 3: 365-377
• 18 Murphy EA, Bolling DR. Platelet survival. In: Platelet Function Testing. Day JH, Holmsen H, Zucker MB. (eds) DHEW Publication; No.(NIH) 78: 1087 1978. pp 561-567
• 19 Murphy EA, Francis ME, Bolling DR. Estimation of blood platelet survival. V. A method for the analysis of population data. J Chron Dis 1973; 26: 797-815
• 20 Scheffel U, McIntyre PA, Evatt B, Dvomicky Jr JA, Natarajan TK, Bolling DR, Murphy EA. Evulation of Indium-111 as a new high photon yield gamma emitting “physiological” platelet label. Johns Hopkins Med J 1977; 140: 285-293
• 21 Kadish AH, Little RL, Sternberg JC. A new and rapid method for the determination of glucose by measurement of rate of oxygen consumption. Clin Chem 1968; 14: 116-131
• 22 Turpie AG G, Genton E, Han P, de Boer AC, Gent M. Evaluation of gamma function calculation of platelet survival time (PSST). Circulation 1980; 62 Suppl (Suppl. 03) 277
• 23 Heath H, Brigden WD, Canever JR, Pollock J, Hunter PR, Kelsey J, Bloom A. Platelet adhesiveness and aggregation in relation to diabetic retinopathy. Diabetologia 1971; 7: 308-315
• 24 Kwaan HC, Colwell JA, Cruz S, Suwanwela N, Dobbie JG. Increased platelet aggregation in diabetes mellitus. J Lab Clin Med 1972; 80: 236-246
• 25 Passa Ph, Bensoussan D, Levy-Toledano S, Caen J, Canivet J. Etude de l’agrégation plaquettaire au cours de la rétinopathie diabétique. Atherosclerosis 1974; 19: 277-287
• 26 Sagel J, Colwell JA, Crook L, Laimins M. Increased platelet aggregation in early diabetes mellitus. Ann Intern Med 1975; 82: 733-738
• 27 Halushka PV, Lurie D, Colwell JA. Increased synthesis of prostaglandin E-like material by platelets from patients with diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1977; 297: 1306-1310
• 28 Mustard JF. Function of blood platelets and their role in thrombosis. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc 1976; 87: 104-127
• 29 Rutherford RB, Ross R. Platelet factors stimulate fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells quiescent in plasma serum to proliferate. J Cell Biol 1976; 69: 196-203
• 30 Winocour PD, Laimins M, Lopes-Virella M, Colwell JA. The time course of changes in vitro platelet function and plasma von Willebrand factor (VIIIR: WF) activity in the diabetic rat. J Lab Clin Med 1983; 102: 795-804
• 31 Van Zile J, Kilpatrick M, Laimins M, Sagel J, Colwell JA, Virella G. Platelet aggregation and release of ATP after incubation with soluble immune complexes purified from the serum of diabetic patients. Diabetes 1981; 30: 575-579
• 32 Eldor A, Merin S, Bar-On H. The effect of streptozotocin diabetes on platelet function in rats. Thromb Res 1978; 13: 703-714
• 33 Winocour PD, Kinlough-Rathbone RL, Richardson M, Mustard JF. Reversal of shortened platelet survival in rats by the antifibrinolytic agent, epsilon-aminocaproic acid. J Clin Invest 1983; 71: 159-164
• 34 Aimer L-O, Pandolfi M. Fibrinolysis and diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes 1976; 25 Suppl (Suppl. 02) 807-810
• 35 Feamley GR, Chakrabarti R, Avis PR D. Blood fibrinolytic activity in diabetes mellitus and its bearing on ischaemic heart disease and obesity. Br Med J 1963; 1: 921-923
• 36 Nenci GG, Berrettini M, Agnelli G, Parise P, Buoncristiani U, Ballatori E. Effect of peritoneal dialysis hemodialysis and kidney transplantation on blood platelet function. I. Platelet aggregation by ADP and epinephrine. Nephron 1979; 23: 287-292
• 37 Janka HU, Demmel P. Influence of metabolic control on platelet functions in diabetes mellitus. Horm Metab Res Suppl 1981; 2: 29-33
• 38 Schedl HP. Effects of experimental diabetes in the rat on calium transport and vitamin D metabolism. In: Vitamin D Basic Research and Its Clinical Application. Proceeding of the Fourth Workshop on Vitamin D, Berlin, West Germany. Norman AW, Schaefer K, Herrath DV, Grigoleit HG, Cobum JW, DeLuca HF, Mawer EB, Suda T. (eds) Walter de Gruyter; Berlin, NY: 1979. pp 967-974
• 39 Born GV R, Cross MJ. The aggregation of blood platelets. J Physiol 1963; 168: 178-195