CC BY 4.0 · Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2018; 40(08): 437-443
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1666811
Original Article
Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Hazards of Repeat Pregnancy during Adolescence: A Case-control Study

Riscos da repetição da gestação na adolescência: um estudo de caso-controle
Rafael Bessa de Freitas Galvão
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP, Brazil
,
Camilla Olivares Figueira
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP, Brazil
,
Anderson Borovac-Pinheiro
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP, Brazil
,
Daiane Sofia de Morais Paulino
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP, Brazil
,
Debora Bicudo Faria-Schützer
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP, Brazil
,
Fernanda Garanhani Surita
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP, Brazil
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

09 March 2018

17 May 2018

Publication Date:
24 August 2018 (online)

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the social, obstetric and psychological risk factors related to repeat pregnancy in teenagers.

Methods A case control study conducted at Centro de Atenção à Saúde Integral da Mulher (Caism, in the Portuguese acronym), in Campinas, Brazil, from 2015 to 2017. Three groups were selected: a case-group of adolescents who had repeat pregnancy and two control-groups, one consisting of adolescents who had delivered at first time and another one of adult women with more than one deliveries. Participants were asked about habits, socio-demographics characteristics, reproductive and obstetric history and assessed psychological issues.

Results Ninety women were enrolled, 30 in each study group. Adolescents with repeat pregnancy have lower self-esteem scores and more ineffective contraceptive use. When compared with teens at first delivery, they had less schooling level (odds ratio [OR] 4.03 [1.37–11.8]), more school abandon (OR 8.16 [2.36–28.2]) and drugs use (OR 4.97[1.39–17.8]). Non-white skin color (OR 6.2 [1.15–41.0]), drugs use (OR 17.5 [2.62–116.6]) and first sexual intercourse under 15y (OR 18.0[2.82–115.0]) were found as higher risk factors for repeat pregnancy when comparing adolescents and adults. Moreover, adolescents with more than one gestation had lower self-esteem and greater susceptibility to unplanned pregnancy.

Conclusion There was an association between repeat pregnancy among adolescents and lower education, early onset of sexual activity, non-white skin color, low use of contraception and increased use of drugs.

Resumo

Objetivo Avaliar a associação entre fatores de risco sociais, obstétricos e psicológicos relacionados a repetição da gravidez em adolescentes.

Métodos Estudo caso-controle realizado num Hospital Universitário de Campinas, Brasil, de 2015 a 2017. Foram selecionados três grupos: um grupo-caso de adolescentes com repetição de gravidez, e dois grupos controles, um de adolescentes primíparas e outro de mulheres adultas com mais de um parto. Foram coletados dados referentes a aspectos sociodemográficos, história reprodutiva e obstétrica e fatores psicológicos.

Resultados Foram incluídas 90 mulheres, 30 em cada grupo de estudo. Adolescentes com repetição de gravidez apresentaram menor autoestima e mais uso inadequado de contraceptivos. Quando comparadas a adolescentes primíparas, tiveram menor nível escolar (razão de probabilidades [RP] 4.03 [1.37–11.8]), maior interrupção dos estudos (RP 16.3 [3.61–73.6]) e maior uso de drogas (RP 4.97[1.39–17.8]). A comparação entre adolescentes com repetição de gestação e mulheres adultas revelou maior risco para cor da pele não-branca (RP 6.2 [1.15–41.0]), uso de drogas (RP 17.5 [2.62–116.6]) e primeira relação sexual com menos de 15 anos 15y (RP 18.0 [2.82–115.0]). Além disso, as adolescentes com segunda gravidez apresentam menor autoestima, baixo uso de contracepção e maior suscetibilidade a gravidez não planejada.

Conclusão Houve associação entre repetição de gravidez na adolescência e menor tempo de estudo, início precoce de atividade sexual, cor da pele não branca e maior uso de drogas.

Contributions

Galvão R. B. F., Figueira C. O., Borovac-Pinheiro A., Paulino D. S. M., Faria-Schützer D. B. and Surita F. G. contributed with project and interpretation of data, writing of the article, critical review of the intellectual content and final approval of the version to be published.


 
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