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DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1666813
Outcome of Neonates with Vein of Galen Malformation Presenting with Severe Heart Failure: A Case Series
Publication History
17 January 2018
22 May 2018
Publication Date:
10 July 2018 (online)
Abstract
Background Neonatal presentation of vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations (VGAMs) complicated by cardiac failure and pulmonary hypertension is frequently associated with a poor prognosis. Interventional neuroradiology with embolization can offer a chance for survival, although neurological damage can represent a limitation.
Objective This article determines if aggressive intensive care and drug management of cardiac failure before urgent embolization can influence morbidity and mortality.
Patients and Methods Twelve infants (7 boys, 5 girls) were diagnosed with symptomatic vein of Galen malformations in the neonatal period during the period 2000 to 2014. Due to high output cardiac failure, endovascular treatment was attempted as soon as stabilization was achieved.
Results Endovascular procedures successfully reverted cardiac failure in 5 patients who survived without significant neurological damage, while in 7 patients the causes of death were refractory cardiac failure, multiorgan failure, and severe brain damage. Bidimensional echocardiography assessment was performed at presentation and after early embolization procedures.
Conclusion Aggressive intensive care approach to heart failure and pulmonary hypertension leading to early neurointervention results in good survival rates with low morbidity even in cases of high-risk neonatal VGAM. Combined hemodynamic treatment can improve outcome in neonates with cardiac failure secondary to VGAM, although there is the risk of precipitating systemic hypoperfusion and renal failure. A moderate prematurity may not prevent both interventional approach and good outcome.
Ethical Approval
This statement is to certify that all human and animal studies have been approved by the appropriate ethics committee and have therefore been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. All has been done in accordance to our National laws.
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